Circulatory System

Question 1

Function of heart

Answer 1

Brings oxygen and nutrients to all body cells by pumping blood.

Right side: receives deoxygenated blood
Left side: oxygenated blood

Question 2

Heart structure

Answer 2

• 4 Chambers: left and right atria, left and right ventricles
• Blood vessels: aorta, pulmonary artery and veins, superior and inferior vena cava (red: oxygenated, blue: deoxygenated)
• Natural pacemaker: controls heartbeat rythme

Question 3

5 types of blood vessels

Answer 3

Arteries & arterioles (oxygenated blood to tissues)
Pulmonary artery = deoxygenated

Veins & venules (deoxygenated blood into heart)
Pulmonary vein = oxygenated

Capillaries: thinner blood vessels, connect arterioles & venules (oxygenated and deoxygenated)

Question 4

2 types of circulation

Answer 4

Pulmonary: blood b/w heart & lungs
Systemic: blood b/w heart & whole body

Blood: plasma, platelets, red & white blood cells

Question 5

Functions of Blood

Answer 5

Transportation: nutrients and gases for cellular respiration
Elimination of waste (liver & kidneys)

Regulation: Hormones in blood regulate body processes
Thermoregulation (dilation of blood vessels)

Protection: blood clotting prevent blood loss, leukocytes defend from viruses & bacteria

Question 6

Diseases

Answer 6

Coronary Artery Disease
Heart Valve Disease
Cardiomyopathy

Question 7

Coronary Artery Disease

Answer 7

Buildup of plaque in coronary artery

Causes: smoking, high cholesterol, high bpm, sedentary life

Symptoms: chest pain, shortness of breath

Question 8

Heart Valve Disease

Answer 8

Valves don’t function properly

Causes: congenital or infections

Symptoms: Whooshing sound, fatigue, chest pain

Question 9

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 9

Muscle can’t properly pump blood to body

Causes: Heart tissue damage, iron buildup, high bpm, infections

Symptoms: Heart palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue

Question 10

Circulatory systems in evolution

Answer 10

Open circulatory system:
-No blood vessels
-Hemolymph (lymph & IF)
-Cavity = Hemocoel 
(Mollusks & Arthropoda)

Closed circulatory system:
-Blood vessels
-Gases + nutrient exchange
(Vertebrates=Chordata & Annelida)

Chordata: fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals & birds