Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Human Histology (LEC) > Circulatory system > Flashcards

Circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

the blood brings nutrients and
removes wastes in tissues

A

SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

oxygenated blood

A

PULMONARY CIRCULATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Propels blood through the circulatory system

A

HEART

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

From the convergence of venules into a system
of larger channels that continue enlarging as
they approach the heart, toward which they
carry the blood to be pumped again

A

VEINS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Series of vessels efferent from the heart that
become smaller as they branch into the various
organs, and carry blood to the tissues

A

ARTERY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

From the convergence of venules into a system
of larger channels that continue enlarging as
they approach the heart, toward which they
carry the blood to be pumped again

A

VEINs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Smallest vessels are the sites of oxygen, carbon
dioxide, nutrients, and waste product exchange
between blood and tissues

A

CAPILLARIES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Supporting layer of fibroelastic connective tissue with scattered
fibers of smooth muscle

● Deeper layer of connective tissue

A

ENDOCARDIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Consists mainly of typically contractile cardiac muscle fibers
arranged spirally around each heart chamber

● THICKEST LAYER

A

MYOCARDIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Corresponds to the visceral layer of the pericardium

A

EPICARDIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Serves as a lubricated surface

A

EPICARDIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

reflection of the epicardium where large
vessels enter and leave the heart

A

PARIETAL PERICARDIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Forms part of the interventricular and interatrial septa

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anchors the valves which surrounds the two atrioventricular canals

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Attached to the chordae tendineae

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anchoring and support of heart valves

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Assists in heartbeat coordination by acting as electrical insulation
between the atria and ventricles.

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Provides firm points of insertion for cardiac muscle

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Assists in heartbeat coordination by acting as electrical insulation
between the atria and ventricles

A

CARDIAC SKELETON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pacemaker of the heart

A

Sinoatrial node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Located at the Right Atrial Wall near the superior vena cava

A

Sinoatrial node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Located at the floor of the right atrium near the AV valve
Atrioventricular node
26
Conducting myocytes from the AV node that are made into a specialized bundle of cardiac muscle fibers
Bundle of his
28
Subendocardial conducting network of cardiac muscle fibers (myofibers)
Purkinje fibers
29
A specialized epithelium that acts as a semipermeable barrier between two major compartments: the blood and interstitial fluid
ENDOTHELIUM
30
Appearance: Squamous, polygonal, and elongated
ENDOTHELIUM
31
prevents blood clot through actively secreting heparin that controls clot formation
Non thrombogenic surface
32
Regulates local vascular tone and blood flow
ENDOTHELIUM
33
Role in inflammation and local immune response
ENDOTHELIUM
34
Promotes cell proliferation by secreting growth factors
ENDOTHELIUM
35
Located at the apex of the heart
Purkinje fibers
36
provide the resiliency required for the vascular wall to expand under pressure
ELASTIC FIBERS
37
is a major component of large arteries where it forms parallel lamellae
ELASTIN
38
contribute to the physical and metabolic properties
GROUND SUBSTANCE
39
THE TUNICAS
Tunica Intima Tunica Media Tunica adventitia
40
consists of the endothelium and subendothelium
Tunica intima
41
separates the intima from the media (in arteries)
Internal elastic lamina
42
concentric layers of smooth muscle cells
TUNICA MEDIA
43
consists of type 1 collagen and elastic fibers bound to the organ stroma
Tunica adventitia
44
Called “conducting arteries” because of its function to carry blood to smaller arteries
Elastic arteries
45
Distributing arteries ○ Distribute blood to all organs ○ Regulate blood pressure and flow
Muscular arteries
46
No vasa vasorum ○ Distributes the blood to arterioles
Small arteries
47
Smallest arterial branch with no intimal connective tissue or smooth muscle
ARTERIOLES
48
Absent elastic laminae
ARTERIOLES
49
Major determinant of systolic blood pressure
ARTERIOLES
50
Indicates the beginning of an organ’s microvasculature
ARTERIOLES
51
Network of smallest blood vessels → regulates metabolic exchange between the blood and surrounding tissues
Capillary beds
52
supplied by one or more terminal arteriole branches and branches to metarterioles
capillary beds
53
54
may be seen in: muscles, connective tissue, lungs, exocrine glands, and nervous tissue
Continuous capillaries
55
Allows extensive molecular exchange across the endothelium
FENESTRATED CAPILLARIES
56
Penetrated by numerous small circular openings or fenestrations
FENESTRATED CAPILLARIES
57
Most common type ● Have many tight, well-developed occluding junctions
Continuous capillaries
58
may be identified in the kidneys, intestine, choroid plexus, and endocrine glands
FENESTRATED CAPILLARIES
59
The endothelium has large perforations without diaphragm and irregular intracellular clefts
SINUSOID
60
can be identified in: Liver, Spleen, Bone Marrow
SINUSOID
61
carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart from all over the body
Vein
62
has a thin tunica intima and tunica media
vein
63
very thick and filled with abundant collagen
adventitia layer
64
have intimal projections with elastic fibers, lined by the endothelium.
venous valves
65
Allows easier movement of cells between tissues and blood
SINUSOID
66
primary site where leukocytes stick to endothelium and leave the circulation at sites of infection or damaged tissue
POST CAPILLARY VENULES
67
located to corresponding muscular arteries
small to medium veins
68
located at big venous trunks, paired with elastic arteries which are close in proximity to the heart
large veins
69
transition from capillaries to venules
venules
70
found in the subendothelium, between the smooth muscle layers, and in the outer covering
COLLAGEN FIBERS

Human Histology (LEC) (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions