circulatory system and the heart

Question 1

What is the circulatory system

Answer 1

The system that transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the body and carries waste away

Question 2

What are the main components of the circulatory system?

Answer 2

blood, heart, vessels

Question 3

What are the three types of blood vessels

Answer 3

arteries, veins, capilleries

Question 4

What do arteries do

Answer 4

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 5

Characteristics of arteries

Answer 5

elastic, experience higher pressures

Question 6

what is the heart made up of

Answer 6

cardiac muscle tissue, nerve tissue, connective tissue

Question 7

What do veins do

Answer 7

Carry blood towards the heart

Question 8

what is the heart lined with

Answer 8

epithelial tissue

Question 9

what does epithelial tissue do for the exterior of the heart

Answer 9

the pericardium layer; reduces friction and damage to the lungs

Question 10

Characteristics of veins

Answer 10

thin-walled, inelastic, lower pressure, have valves

Question 11

what does epithelial tissue do for the interior of the heart

Answer 11

easy blood flow

Question 12

What are capillaries

Answer 12

• tiny, thin-walled blood vessels
• enable the exchange of gases, nutrients and wastes between the blood and body tissues

Question 13

What do capillaries connect

Answer 13

arteries to veins through arterioles and venules

Question 14

what is the function of the heart

Answer 14

to pump blood throughout the body

Question 15

What type of tissue is blood

Answer 15

a type of connective tissue

Question 16

how many chambers are in the heart

Answer 16

4

Question 17

what are the 2 upper chambers called and what are they called seperately

Answer 17

atria, right atrium, left atrium

Question 18

what are the 2 lower chambers called

Answer 18

ventricles, left and right

Question 19

What are the four components of blood

Answer 19

red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma

Question 20

what do valves do

Answer 20

keep blood flow in one direction

Question 21

Functions of red blood cells

Answer 21

• contain hemoglobin to transport oxygen
• make up half of the blood volume

Question 22

what are the 2 atrioventricular valves called and how many flaps do each have

Answer 22

• tricuspid valve (3 flaps)
• bicuspid/mitral valve (2 flaps)

Question 23

Functions of white blood cells

Answer 23

fight infections, recognize and destroy bacteria and viruses, less than 1% of blood volume

Question 24

what are the 2 semilunar valves called

Answer 24

• pulmonary
• aortic

Question 25

what happens in the right side of the heart (pulmonary circuit)

Answer 25

pumps oxygen-poor blood to lungs to get oxygen

Question 26

What is plasma

Answer 26

The liquid portion of blood; makes up over half of blood volume

Question 27

what happens in the left side of the heart (systemic circuit)

Answer 27

pumps oxygen-rich blood to body

Question 28

Functions of platelets

Answer 28

help in blood clotting, less than one 1% of blood volume

Question 29

what are coronary arteries

Answer 29

they provide the heart with its own nutrients and blood supply

Question 30

where does oxygen-poor/deoxygenated blood travel in the heart

Answer 30

vena cava --> right atrium --> tricuspid valve --> right ventricle --> pulmonary valve --> pulmonary artery

Question 31

where does oxygen-rich/oxygenated blood travel in the heart

Answer 31

from the pulmonary artery it goes to lungs --> pulmonary vein --> left atrium --> bicuspid valve--> left ventricle --> aortic valve --> aorta --> body

Question 32

where does deoxygenated blood become oxygenated

Answer 32

the lungs, where the blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

Question 33

most arteries carry oxygen rich blood, except for one:

Answer 33

the pulmonary artery

Question 34

most veins carry oxygen rich poor, except for one:

Answer 34

the pulmonary vein

Question 35

what is the largest artery

Answer 35

the aorta

Question 36

what are the smallest arteries

Answer 36

arterioles

Question 37

the largest vein

Answer 37

vena cava

Question 38

the smallest veins are called

Answer 38

venules

Question 39

features of red blood cells

Answer 39

- most numerous - biconcave shape

Question 40

what separates the left and right side of the heart

Answer 40

the septum