Class 1/31/2020

Question 1

What is a significant figure?

Answer 1

the certain digits plus the first uncertain digit in a measurement (28.65 - the 5 is the number that is an educated guess)

Question 2

What is the purpose of a significant figure?

Answer 2

to give your work the best possible value that it can

Question 3

Zeros and Significant Figures (Point 1)

Answer 3

when the decimal point is shown in a measurement a) all non-zero digits are significant b) all zeros between non-zero digits are significant c) all zeros to the right of the last non-zero digit are significant examples: a) 3.2 b) 1.304 c) 6.8900 d) 302.030

Question 4

Zeros and Significant Figures (Point 2)

Answer 4

zeros to the left of the first non-zero digit are used to fix the decimal point and are not significant. examples: 0.16 0.00313 0.00006098 *the 0 is a place setter for the scale*

Question 5

The more significant figures the more there is a degree of certainty provide examples in re to 29:

Answer 5

28 - 29 - 30 28.9 - 29.0 - 29.1 28.99 - 29.00 - 29.01

Question 6

Without decimals you cannot always determine how many significant figures are present: True or False

Answer 6

True ex: 3000 to notate significant numbers you could put a - over the 0 or you can write it as such: 3.000x10³ (4 significant figures) 3.00x10³ (3 significant figures) 3.0x10³ (2 significant figures) 3x10³ (1 significant figure)

Question 7

How many significant figures should you have when multiplying or dividing values?

Answer 7

You should have no more significant figures than the value with the least amount of significant figures. 29 x 34.62 = 1003.98 .: the answer would be 1.0x10³ (or 1000) since within the problem 29 only has 2 significant figures

Question 8

Common measurement for length

Answer 8

meter (m)

Question 9

Common measurement for mass

Answer 9

kilograms (kg)

Question 10

Common measurement for time

Answer 10

seconds (s)

Question 11

Common measurement for temperature

Answer 11

Kelvin (K)

Question 12

what does kilo- (k) mean

Answer 12

1,000 of something ie: a kilometer is 1,000 meters

Question 13

what does centi- (c) mean

Answer 13

1/100th of something (10^-2) ie: a centimeter is 1/100th of a meter

Question 14

what does milli- (m) mean

Answer 14

1/1000th of something (10^-3) ie: a millimeter is 1/1000th of a meter

Question 15

What is significant about temperature in regards to Kelvin?

Answer 15

at 0* Kelvin all atom motion stops

Question 16

What is significant about temperature in regards to Celcius?

Answer 16

0* C is frozen water 100* C is boiling water

Question 17

Temperature conversion from C to K

Answer 17

K= C+273

Question 18

Temperature conversion from C to F

Answer 18

F = (9/5 C) + 32

Question 19

How does one determine volume?

Answer 19

length x width x height 1cm x 1cm x 1cm = 1cm^3 1mL is equal to 1cm^3 1 milliliter = 1 centimeter cubed

Question 20

How does one determine density?

Answer 20

mass/volume = g/mL or g/cm^3

Question 21

What is the density of the following items: a) Platinum b) Gold c) Lead d) Water e) Ethyl-alcohol d) Mercury

Answer 21

What is the density of the following items: a) Platinum - 21.4 b) Gold - 19.3 c) Lead - 11.3 d) Water - 1.0 e) Ethyl-alcohol - 0.79 d) Mercury - 13.6

Question 22

pressure is measured using what?

Answer 22

millimeters of Mercury (mmHg) or atm (atmosphere) 760mmHg = 1atm

Question 23

heat is measured using what?

Answer 23

calories 1 calorie of heat is needed to raise 1gram of water 1* C

Question 24

Common Conversions: a) 1 in = __ cm b) 1 lb = __ gm c) 1 kg = __ lb d) 1 oz = __ gm e) 1 km = ___ mile f) 1 calorie = _____ joule g) 1 atm = ____ mmHG

Answer 24

Common Conversions: a) 1 in = 2.54 cm b) 1 lb = 454 gm c) 1 kg = 2.20 lb d) 1 oz = 28.4 gm e) 1 km = 0.621 mile f) 1 calorie = 4.184 joule g) 1 atm = 760 mmHG

Question 25

Common Conversions: a) 1 liter = ___ quart b) 4 quarts = ___ gallon c) 12 in = ____ feet d) 3 feet = __ yard e) kilo = ___ f) centi = ___ g) milli = \_\_\_

Answer 25

Common Conversions: a) 1 liter = 1.06 quart b) 4 quarts = 1 gallon c) 12 in = 1 ft d) 3 feet = 1 yard e) kilo = x1000 f) centi = 1/100th g) milli = 1/1000th

Question 26

What are the steps to the Proportion Method of Conversion?

Answer 26

1. Write down the conversion factor as an equality being sure the give it units 2. Place the 3rd known quanity under the proper unit, put an X under the other unit as the unknown 3. Cross multiply and solve for X

Question 27

Solve the following: How many cm are there in 58.6 inches?

Answer 27

1.00 in = 2.54 cm _1.00 in_ X 2.54 cm 58.6in **X**cm = **X** = (58.6\*2.54) **X**= 149cm

Question 28

Solve the following: 3.45miles equals how many millimeters?

Answer 28

1km = 0.621miles _1km 0.621miles_ X 3.45miles = 0.621X = 3.45 = 3.45/0.621 *= 5.56km* 1000m = 1km _1000m 1km_ X 5.56 = X= 1000\*5.56 *= 5560m* 1000mm = 1m _1000mm 1m_ X 5560 = X= 1000\*5560 = **5,560,000mm**

Question 29

Solve the following: How many seconds are there in 24days?

Answer 29

1day = 24hours 24days Xhrs = X=24\*24 X=576hours 1hr = 60min 576hrs Xmin = X= 576\*60 X=34,560minutes 1min = 60sec 34,560min Xsec = X=34560\*60 **X=2,073,600sec**

Question 30

what is an atom

Answer 30

the smallest piece of an element that retains the properties of that element the natural state of some elements are molecules (2 or more together)

Question 31

What are diatomic gases?

Answer 31

They are elements that are naturally found with 2 molecules together to form their gas such as: O_2, N_2, CL_2, and H₂

Question 32

What are the symbol, position within the atom, charge, mass, and mass is AMU (atomic mass unit) for a **Proton**

Answer 32

symbol: p or p⁺ position: in the nucleus charge: +1 mass: 1.67x10^-24g mass in AMU: 1

Question 33

What are the symbol, position within the atom, charge, mass, and mass is AMU (atomic mass unit) for a **Neutron**

Answer 33

symbol: n or n^o position: in the nucleus charge: 0 mass: 1.67x10^-24g mass in AMU: 1

Question 34

What are the symbol, position within the atom, charge, mass, and mass is AMU (atomic mass unit) for a **Electron**

Answer 34

symbol: e or e^- position: outside of the nucleus charge: -1 mass: 9.1x10^-28g mass in AMU: 0

Question 35

What is an atomic number?

Answer 35

the number of protons in an atom

Question 36

what is the atomic weight (mass)?

Answer 36

the number of protons and neturons in an atom

Question 37

what is an isotope?

Answer 37

an atom with differeing number of neutrons such as Carbon can have a mass of 12 with 6p+6n or it can have a mass of 13 with 6p+7n

Question 38

How does one notate the symbol of an element?

Answer 38

^A X _z Where A= atomic weight Where Z= atomic number Where X= the element

Question 39

What is the difference between a neutral, positive or negative atom?

Answer 39

A neutral atom has the same number of electrons and protons A positive atom has less electrons than protons A negative atom has more electrons than protons (it's - because the e^- is ALWAYS -)