Class 7 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What population can you access?
Study population
How can you access them?
Sampling frame
Who is in your study?
Sample
Develop a data collection plan
Identify data needs: What types of data are required to address the research question?
•Select data collection methods: What data collection methods do the variables require?
Which data collection methods are ethical and feasible?
Select and develop instruments: Do validated tools already exist? Will they require modification for the study context? If created for the study, how will they be tested?
Open ended questions
In the participant’s own words, narrative fashion
Closed ended questions
- Dichotomous questions
- Multiple choice questions
- Rank order questions
- Forced choice questions
- Rating scale questions (Likert scale)
- Checklists
- Visual analog scales
Tips for good question formulation
•Clear: Questions should be unambiguous
•Unbiased: Neutral wording
•Respectful: Questions should be sensitive to respondent’s circumstances
•Given to the right respondents: Respondents must be qualified and well positioned to provide meaningful
information
Reliability of measurement tool
- The tool’s measurement error (random error)
- Internal consistency (all items measure the same construct)
- Test rest (stability)
- Inter rater/intra rater reliability
Validity of measurement tool
•How well the tool measures what it is supposed to measure
Content validity
adequacy of content for multi-component measures
face validity
whether a measure looks as if it’s measuring the relevant construct
criterion validity
concurrent and predictive validity
concurrent validity
whether a measure is consistent with a golf standard, measured at the same time
predictive validity
whether a measure is consistent with a golf standard, measured at a future point in time
construct validity: hypothesis testing
convergent validity, known groups validity, divergent validity
convergent validity
in the absence of a gold standard, tests the correlation between the focal measure and a measure of a construct with which conceptual convergence is expected
known-groups validity
tests the degree to which a measure can discriminate between groups known to differ with regard to the focal construct
divergent validity
tests that the focal measure is not a measure of a construct other than the one intended
construct validity: other
structural and cross-cultural validity
structural validity
tests whether a measure captures the hypothesized dimensionality of a construct
cross-cultural validity
concerns the extent to which a translated or adapted measure is equivalent to the original
pilot study
doing the whole study but on a very small scale
