Class Notes

Question 1

Nutrition is essential for:

Answer 1

• maintain a supply of energy
• growth
• reproduction
• body maintenance and repair

Question 2

What are the stages of digestion?

Answer 2

Ingestion
digestion
absorption
egestion

Question 3

What is ingestion in the digestive system?

Answer 3

Injection is the intake of food.

Question 4

What is digestion?

Answer 4

Digestion is the breakdown of food particles

Question 5

What is absorption in the digestive system?

Answer 5

Absorption is the uptake of nutrients in the bloodstream.

Question 6

What is egestion in the digestive system?

Answer 6

Egyptian is the elimination of undigested particles.

Question 7

What are the processes involved in digestion?

Answer 7

Physical, chemical and microbial processes

Question 8

What is a physical process in digestion?

Answer 8

Mastication

Question 9

Explain what is chemical digestion

Answer 9

Chemical digestion is the secretion of digestive juices which contain enzymes that help breakdown food particles into simpler soluble substances

Question 10

What is soil erosion?

Answer 10

Set is the movement of soil to another area. The top soil is the usual one that moves.

Question 11

State the types of soil erosion

Answer 11

Geological and accelerated

Question 12

Give examples of the effects of soil erosion

Answer 12

Landslide loss of crops the removal top soil and leching

Question 13

The four compartments of the ruminant stomach?

Answer 13

1. Rumen
2. Reticulum
3. Omasum
4. Abomasum

Question 14

State Largest compartment of the ruminant stomach.

Answer 14

The Rumen

Question 15

What is the function of the rumen?

Answer 15

It Functions as a fermentation vat where food is broken down by microorganisms
(bacteria, protozoa, and fungi).

Question 16

In what digestive organ does water absorption occur in a ruminant?

Answer 16

The omasum.

Question 17

What is the reticulum are referred to due to its structure?

Answer 17

The honeycomb.

Question 18

What is the role of reticulum in digestion?

Answer 18

It traps foreign particles and materials. It also plays our role in the regurgitation of food for further chewing.

Question 19

What is the function abomasum?

Answer 19

It function as the final breakdown of food and uses gastric juices to aid with it.

Question 20

State the importance of chewing cud in ruminates?

Answer 20

The chewing of cud helps to break down fibrous materials, increasing the surface area of microbial digestion.

Question 21

What are the nutrients?

Answer 21

Nutrients are the substance in the food that animals need to stay healthy.

Question 22

Give three sources in which farm animals can receive nutrients?

Answer 22

Plants, plant products, and animal products.

Question 23

What are the groups of nutrients required by farm animals?

Answer 23

Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins minerals, and water

Question 24

Farm animals derive minerals from?

Answer 24

• green pasture grasses and forages
• legumes, including pasture legumes
• cereal grains, such as corn and rice
• mineral licks (salt-licks/blocks)
• blood meal, fish meal, bone meal

Question 25

What is the specific role of calcium and phosphorus in the body of farm animals?

Answer 25

• for strong bones and teeth • for tougher egg-shells in poultry • to prevent milk fever in dairy cattle (cows)

Question 26

The specific role of Sodium, chlorine, potassium and magnesium in the body of farm animals

Answer 26

• to maintain the acid-base balance • for osmotic control of water distribution

Question 27

What are three of the essential minerals needed in the diet of farm animals?

Answer 27

Sodium, calcium and potassium

Question 28

What are vitamins?

Answer 28

Vitamins are organic compounds required in the diet in small quantities to stay healthy.

Question 29

A lot of vitamins may result in diseases or abnormalities such as:

Answer 29

Retarded growth Poor reproduction Rough quote

Question 30

Give three examples in which farm animals derive minerals from

Answer 30

Green pasture grasses Cereal greens Bloodmeal