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Classic Lab 2 Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Heterophile antibodies

A

Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

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2
Q

Hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secreations

A

Bronchial asthma (Charcot-Leyden crystals: eosinophilic granules)

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3
Q

High level of D-dimers

A

DVT, PE, DIC

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4
Q

Hilary lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes (can calcify)

A

Ghon complex (Primary TB Mycobacterium bacilli)

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5
Q

“honecomb lung” on xray or CT

A

Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

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6
Q

Hypercoaguability (leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis)

A

Trousseau syndrome (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)

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7
Q

Hypersegmended neutrophils

A

Megaloblastic anemia (B12 deficiency: neurologic symptoms; folate deficiency: no neurolgic symptoms)

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8
Q

Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis

A

Conn syndrome

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9
Q

Hypochromic, microcytic anemia

A

Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia ( fetal hemoglobin sometimes present)

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10
Q

Increased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Datting error, anecephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

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11
Q

Increase uric acid levels

A

Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics

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12
Q

Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies

A

Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV)

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13
Q

Iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum

A

Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: increase chance of mesothelioma)

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14
Q

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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15
Q

Large lysosomal phagocytes, immunodeficient

A

Chediak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)

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16
Q

“lead pipe” appearance of colon on barium enema xray

A

Ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)

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17
Q

Linear appearance of IgG deposition on glomerular basement membrane

A

Goodpasture syndrome

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18
Q

Low serum ceroplasmin

A

Wilson Disease (hepatolenticular degeneration)

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19
Q

“Lumpy bumpy” apperance of glomeruli on immunoflourescence

A

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b)

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20
Q

Lytic (hole punched) bone lesions on xray

A

Multiple myeloma

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21
Q

Mammary gland “blue domed” cyst

A

Fibrocytic change of breast

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22
Q

Monoclonal antibody spike

A 
Multiple myeloma (IgG or A)
Monoclononal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS consequence of aging)
Waldenstrom (M protein = IgM) macroglobinemia
Primary amyloidosis
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23
Q

Mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus

A

“Signet ring” = gastric carcinoma

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24
Q

Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium x-ray

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A

“String sign” (Crohn disease)

25
Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegner; PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA) and Good pastuure syndrome (anti-basement mmb antibodies)
26
Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
Gout (monosodium urate crystals)
27
Nodular hylaine deposits in glomeruli
Kimmelsteil-Wilson nodules (diabetic neuropathy)
28
Novobiocin response
Sensitive: Staphlococcus epidermidis; resistant: Staphylococcus saphrophyticus
29
Nutmeg liver
Chronic passive congestion of liver dt Right heart failure
30
Onion skin peristeal reaction
Ewing sarcoma (malignant round cell tumor)
31
Optochin response
Sensitive: Streptococcus pneumoniae Resistant: virdians streptococci
32
Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area
Codman triangle, on x-ray (osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, pyogenic osteomylitis)
33
Podocyte fusion or "effacement" on EM
Minimal Change Disease (child with nephrotic syndrome)
34
Polished 'ivory like' appearance of bone at cartilage erosion
Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)
35
Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein
Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimers) and Pick bodies (Pick disease)
36
Psammoma bodies
Meningiomas, Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC), mesothelioma, Papillary Serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary
37
Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy
Glioblastoma multiforme
38
RBC casts in urine
Acute glomerulonephritis
39
Rectangular, crystal like cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells
Reinke crystals ( Leydig cell tumor)
40
Renal epithelial casts in urine
Acute toxic/viral renal injury
41
Rhomboid crystals, + birefringent
Pseudogout (calcium pyrophospahte dihydrate cyrstals)
42
Rib notching
Coarctation of aorta
43
Ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDS
Toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma
44
Sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale tingible body-laden macrophage (starry sky histology)
Burkitt lymphoma (8:14) c-myc activation, associated with EBV; "black sky" made up of maligant cells
45
Silver stained spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons
Pick bodies (Pick disease: progressive dementia, change in personality)
46
"Soap bubble" in femur on tibia or xray
Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign)
47
"Spikes" on basement membrane, "dome-like" subepithelial deposits
Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)
48
Stacks of RBCs
Rouleaux formation (high ESR, multiple myeloma)
49
Stippled vaginal epithelial cells
"Clue cells" Gardnella vaginalis
50
Tennis racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells
Birbeck granules (Langherhans cell histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma)
51
Thrombi made of white/red layers
Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus/layers of platelets/RBCs)
52
"Thumb sign" on lateral xray
Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)
53
Tram track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light microscopy
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
54
Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles
Fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)
55
"Waxy" casts with very low urine flow
Chronic end-stage renal disease
56
WBC casts in urine
Acute pyelonephritis
57
WBCs that look 'smudged'
CLL (almost always B cell)
58
"wire loop" glomerular capillary appearance on light imcroscopy
Lupus nephropathy
59
Yellowish CSF
Xanthochromia (d/t subarachnoid hemorrhage)

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