Classic Lab Findings

Question 1

Anticentromere antibodies

Answer 1

Sclerodomera/CREST

Question 2

Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies

Answer 2

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

Question 3

Anti-Glomerular basement membrane antibodies

Answer 3

Goodpasture Syndrome (glmerulonephritis adn hemoptysis)

Question 4

Antihistone antibodies

Answer 4

Drug-induced SLE (hydralizine, INH, phenytoin, procainamide)

Question 5

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA)

Answer 5

Primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal HTN)

Question 6

Anti-IgG antibodies

Answer 6

RA (sytemic inflammation, joint pannus, bouteonneir deformity)

Question 7

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)

Answer 7

Microscopic polyangitis adn Churg-Strauss syndrome (MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA); granulomatosis w/ polyangitis (Wegener; PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA)

Question 8

Antinuclear antibodies; ANA: anti-Smith or anti-dsDNA

Answer 8

SLE; Type III hypersensitivity

Question 9

Antiplatelet antibodies

Answer 9

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 10

Anti-topioisomerase antibodies

Answer 10

Diffuse systemic sclerodema

Question 11

Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies

Answer 11

Celiac’s disease; diarrhea, distension and weight loss

Question 12

“Apple Core” lesion on abdominal xray

Answer 12

Colorectal cancer

Question 13

Azurophilic peroxidase + granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

Answer 13

Auer rods in AML; especially the promyelocytic M3 type

Question 14

Bacitracin response

Answer 14

Sensitive; Streptococcus Pyogenes group A

resistant; Streptococcus agalactiae group B

Question 15

Bamboo spine on x ray

Answer 15

Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis: HLA-B27)

Question 16

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

Answer 16

Howell-Jolly bodies~ splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen

Question 17

Basophilc stippling of RBCs

Answer 17

lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

Question 18

Bloody tap on LP

Answer 18

subarchonoid hemorrhage

Question 19

“Boot-shaped” heart

Answer 19

Tetrology of Fallot, RVH

Question 20

Branching gram + rods with sulfur granules

Answer 20

Actinomyces israelli

Question 21

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

Answer 21

Pancoast tumor; can compress sympathetic ganglion causing Horner syndrome)

Question 22

“Brown” tumor of bone

Answer 22

Hyperparathydoidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage)

Question 23

Cadiomegaly with apical atrophy

Answer 23

Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

Question 24

Cellular crescents in Bowman capsule

Answer 24

Rapidly progressive cresentic glomerulonephritis

Question 25

"Chocolate cyst" of ovary

Answer 25

Endometriosis (often both ovaries)

Question 26

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurfibrils

Answer 26

Homer-Wright rossettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

Question 27

Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

Answer 27

Cystic fibrosis--> autosomal recessive mutations in CFTR gene--> fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)

Question 28

Decrease AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

Answer 28

Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities

Question 29

Degeneration of dorsal column nerves

Answer 29

Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphillis) subacute combined degernation (dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts affected)

Question 30

Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

Answer 30

Parkinsons disease; basal ganglia disorder)

Question 31

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

Answer 31

Curshmann spirals (bronchial asthma; resluts in whorled mucus plugs)

Question 32

Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

Answer 32

Call0Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of ovary)

Question 33

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia

Answer 33

Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)

Question 34

Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies

Answer 34

Owl eye of CMV

Question 35

Enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei

Answer 35

'orphan annie' eyes nuclei in papillary carcinoma of thyrpoid

Question 36

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

Answer 36

Mallory Body (alcoholic liver disease)

Question 37

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

Answer 37

Lewy body of Parkinson disease

Question 38

Eosinophilic globule in liver

Answer 38

Councilman body--viral or toxic hepatitis, often yellow fever)

Question 39

Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebral nerve cells

Answer 39

Negri bodies of rabies

Question 40

Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter

Answer 40

Senile plaques (Alzheimer disease)

Question 41

Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl eye)

Answer 41

Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodkin lymphoma

Question 42

Glomerulus like structure surrounding vessels in germ cells

Answer 42

Schiller-Duval bodies = yolk sac tumor

Question 43

"hair on end" crew cut appearance on xray

Answer 43

B-thalessemia, sickel cell anemia (marrow expansion)

Question 44

hCG elevation

Answer 44

Choriocarcinoma, hydatiform mole

Question 45

Heart nodules (granulomatous)

Answer 45

Aschoff bodies from rheumatic fever