Classic Labs/Findings 2

Question 1

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging?

Answer 1

Pancoast tumor (can compress SNS ganglion and cause Horner’s syndrome)

Question 2

“Brown” tumor of bone?

Answer 2

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)

Question 3

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy?

Answer 3

Chagas dz (Trypanosoma cruzi)

Question 4

Cellular crescents in Bowman’s capsule?

Answer 4

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

Question 5

“Chocolate cyst” of ovary?

Answer 5

Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)

Question 6

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils?

Answer 6

Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

Question 7

Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs?

Answer 7

Cystic fibrosis (autosomal-recessive mutation in CFTR resulting in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)

Question 8

Decreased a-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum?

Answer 8

Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormality

Question 9

Degeneration of dorsal column nerves?

Answer 9

Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns + LCST affected)

Question 10

Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra?

Answer 10

Parkinson’s (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

Question 11

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum?

Answer 11

Curschmann’s spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)

Question 12

Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid?

Answer 12

Call-Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of ovary)

Question 13

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia?

Answer 13

Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)

Question 14

Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies?

Answer 14

“Owl’s eye” appearance of CMV

Question 15

Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei?

Answer 15

“Orphan Annie’s eyes” nuclei (papillary carcinoma of thyroid)

Question 16

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell?

Answer 16

Mallory bodies (alcoholic liver dz)

Question 17

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell?

Answer 17

Lewy body (Parkinson’s)

Question 18

Eosinophilic globule in liver?

Answer 18

Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever)

Question 19

Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells?

Answer 19

Negri bodies of rabies

Question 20

Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain?

Answer 20

Senile plaques (Alzheimer’s dz)