Coagulation/dislipidemia

Question 1

PE

Answer 1

Pulmonary embolism

Clot in pulm veins, emboli from DVT

Question 2

Heparin uses

Answer 2

Medical/surgical prophylaxis, prosthetic heart valves, trauma, venous thromboembolism, unstable angina

Question 3

Heparin mechanism of action

Answer 3

First line- Prevents clot formation by controlling function and synthesis of clotting factors

Question 4

Heparin side effects

Answer 4

Bleeding, thrombocytopenia (decreased platelets)

Question 5

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Answer 5

Drop in platelets due to heparin use

• drop will occur between 5-10 days in naive patient
• drop can occur w/in a day if pt was exposed to heparin w/in past 100 days

Question 6

HIT effects

Answer 6

• high rate of thrombus formation- amputation/death
• discontinue all heparin
• consider use of direct thrombin inhibitor
• do not start warfarin until platelets recover

Question 7

Warfarin side effects

Answer 7

Bleeding, skin necrosis

Question 8

Warfarin reversal agent

Answer 8

Vitamin K

Question 9

Warfarin mechanism of action

Answer 9

A few days before anticoagulant effect is seen- start w/ paraenteral agent and warfarin until it’s therapeutic

Question 10

Warfarin effected by

Answer 10

Diet, other meds, genetics

Requires close monitoring and patient education

Question 11

P2Y12 Inhibitors- used for

Answer 11

Used with aspirin for 1 year, post- ACS, PCI, CABAG, stroke prevention, PAD, aspirin allergy

Question 12

P2Y12 inhibitors- side effects

Answer 12

Bleeding, headache, dyspnea

Question 13

Thrombolytics

Answer 13

Helps break down thrombus one formed to restore flow

Question 14

DVT

Answer 14

Deep vein thrombosis

Clot in the venous system, generally in legs