coasts Flashcards

(15 cards)

1
Q

what are the charceteristics of destructive waves

A

strong wash and weak backwash

steep high waves that are close together

come into the beach quickly

create a steep beach

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2
Q

what are the charcteristics of constructive waves ?

A

strong swash and weak backwash

low waves , more gently sloping with longer gap between them

gentle beach

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3
Q

what is hydraulic action ?

A

is a type of erosion. water is forced into cracks in the rock , is compresssed squashed and forces the rock apart.

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4
Q

what is abrasion ?

A

Is a type of erosion. losse rocks are thrown against6 cliff wearing away at the rock like sand paper.

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5
Q

what is attrition ?

A

Is a type of erosion. Loose rocks are swirled around and are worn in smaller , rounder pieces.

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6
Q

what is solution erosion wise ?

A

sea water dissolves material from the rock

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7
Q

what is suspension?

A

fine sediment is carried along in suspension in the water

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8
Q

what is solution transportation wise?

A

dissolved materials are carried along in soloution - you cant see it

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9
Q

what is traction?

A

large pebbles and cobbles are rolled along the sea bed?

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10
Q

what is saltation?

A

small pebbles are moved when one pebbles hits another , causing it to bounce

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11
Q

explain longshore drift

A

long shore drift transports sediment in a zig zag route

the wind blows towards the land at an angle 9this is called the prevailing wind direction)

this cause the waves to approach the beach at a slight angle.As they break , the swash carries material up the beach at an angle. Gravity causes the material to be carried straight back down the beach.

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12
Q

explain the formation of caves arches stacks and stumps

A
  1. a large crack is opened up by hydraulic action
  2. the crack grows into a cave by hydraulic action and abrasion
  3. the cave becomes larger
  4. the cave breaks through te headland forming a natural arch
  5. the arch is erodd and collapses
  6. this leaves a tall rock stack
  7. the stack is eroded forming a stump
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13
Q

what are the cause of the holderness coast being eroded rapidly

A
  • owerful destructive waves caused by strong winds and long fetch
  • cliffs made of soft boulder clay
  • eroded material is transported out to sea maning he beaches are small
  • sea defences along the coast have made the problem worse in some areas
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14
Q

what are effects the holderness coast line eroding

A
  • buildings close to the cliff edge are at risk of falling into the sea and they wont get compensation for this
  • los of diversity in wildlife due to lack of sediment
  • protecting the coast is costly
  • easington gas terminal is close to the sea - supplies the countrywith energy
  • value of homes decrease as no one wants to live there
  • businesses at risk of losing money
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15
Q
A
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