Extreme Weather

Question 1

Condensation

Answer 1

Water vapour in the air gets cold and changes back into liquid forming clouds

Question 2

Evaporation

Answer 2

Occurs when the sun heats up water in rivers or lakes or steam.the water vapour or steam leaves the river or ocean and goes into the air

Question 3

Precipitation

Answer 3

Occurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore . The clouds get heavy and water falls back to earth in the form of rain , hail , sleet and snow

Question 4

Explain relief rainfall

Answer 4

Warm, moist air is forced to rise over high areas
Air cools and condenses forming clouds
It rains
Air descends , warms and becomes drier

Question 5

Human causes of flooding

Answer 5

Urbanisation - urban areas are typically made of concrete which is impermeable -water cannot infiltrate into ground therefore surface run off happens
Deforestation - trees remove moisture from the ground through tree roots therefore cutting down trees to an excess of water in the soil leading to surface runoff

Question 6

Physical causes of flooding

Answer 6

Steep relief - water flows over steep surfaces quickly which slows down infiltration there fore rivers fill up quickly
Prolonged rainfall - constant rain saturates the ground which means infiltration slows down

Question 7

How are hurricanes formed

Answer 7

1. the sun heats up the ocean to 27’c
2. the warm ocean heats the air above
3. rising warm air evaporated and starts to spin
4. The air then cools and condensed to form clouds
5. more air is sucked in , causing very strong winds to form