Coasts - Coastal Management

Question 1

What are the two main areas of coastal management?

Answer 1

1) To provide defence against and mitigate the impacts of flooding.
2) To provide protection against and mitigate the impacts of coastal erosion.

Question 2

What are some other aims of coastal management?

Answer 2

• Stabilising beaches affected by longshore drift.
• Stabilising sand dune areas
• Protecting fragile estuarine landscapes

Question 3

What is hard engineering?

Answer 3

Making physical change to the coastal landscape using resistant materials, like concrete, boulders, wood and metal.

Question 4

What is soft engineering?

Answer 4

Using natural systems for coastal defence, such as beaches, dunes and salt marshes, which can absorb and adjust to wave and tide energy.

Question 5

What are some examples of hard engineering strategies?

Answer 5

• Sea walls
• Rock armour
• Gabions
• Revetments
• Groynes
• Cliff fixing
• Offshore reefs
• Barrages

Question 6

What are some examples of soft engineering strategies?

Answer 6

• Beach nourishment
• Dune regeneration
• Managed retreat
• Land-use management
• Do nothing

Question 7

What are two sustainable approaches to coastal management?

Answer 7

1) Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs)
2) Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)