Community Dental Health

Question 1

every nth to participate

Answer 1

systemic

Question 2

what is being measured or observed

Answer 2

variable

Question 3

the outcome of interest, should change in response to intervention

Answer 3

dependent variable

Question 4

the intervention, what is being manipulated

Answer 4

independent variable

Question 5

a science that describes data for the purpose of making interpretations

Answer 5

statistics

Question 6

allows one to generalize from the sample to a larger group of subjects

Answer 6

inferential statistics

Question 7

a table showing scores from lowest to highest

Answer 7

data matrix

Question 8

the symmetry of the curve

Answer 8

skew

Question 9

more scores are in the lower range

Answer 9

positive skew

Question 10

more scores are in the higher range

Answer 10

negative skew

Question 11

peak of the curve is

Answer 11

mode

Question 12

describes how wide the scores are around a central point

Answer 12

measures of dispersion

Question 13

most commonly used method of dispersion in the research, the larger the number representing the standard deviation, the wider the distribution curve

Answer 13

standard deviation

Question 14

the degree to which a data collection instrument measures the variable it is designed to measure

Answer 14

validity

Question 15

consistent performance by the same investigator when using a data collection instrument

Answer 15

intraexaminer

Question 16

consistent performance by different investigators when using the same data collection instrument

Answer 16

interexaminer

Question 17

the process of establishing a relationship between a measuring device and the units of measure helps increase interexaminer reliability

Answer 17

calibration

Question 18

the ability of a test to correctly identify the presence of a disease

Answer 18

sensitivity

Question 19

the ability of a test to correctly identify the absence of a disease

Answer 19

specificity

Question 20

direct association between two variables, as value of x increases the value of y increases, as the value of x decreases the value of y decreases

Answer 20

positive correlation

Question 21

the score on the scale predicts an opposite score on the other scale. the value of x increases the value of y decreases, as the value of x decreases the value of y increases

Answer 21

negative correlation

Question 22

used when testing hypothesis

Answer 22

p value

Question 23

number of live births

Answer 23

natality

Question 24

rate of illness in a population

Answer 24

morbidity

Question 25

the number of new cases in a population at risk during a particular period of time, conveys information about the risk of contracting a disease

Answer 25

incidence

Question 26

the number of new and old cases of a disease in a population in a given period of time, tells how wide spread the disease is

Answer 26

prevalence

Question 27

seeks to compare those diagnosed with a disease with those who do not have the disease for proper exposure to specific risk factors

Answer 27

retrospective study

Question 28

a cohort is classified by exposure to one or more specific risk factors and observed into the future to determine the rate at which disease develops

Answer 28

prospective study

Question 29

a group is observed over a long period of time

Answer 29

longitudinal

Question 30

an expression of clinical observations in numeric value

Answer 30

indices

Question 31

measures the presence or absence of a condition

Answer 31

simple

Question 32

measures all the evidence of a condition past and present

Answer 32

cumulative

Question 33

a methodology of identifying the cause of disease through the assessment of risk factors, must be individualized for each patient

Answer 33

Cambra

Question 34

GI gingival index is

Answer 34

reversible | can be used to determine the prevelance and severity of gingivitis in cohort groups as well as in individual dentitions

Question 35

reversible designed to detect early symptoms of gingivitis useful in short term clinical trials

Answer 35

Sulcular bleeding index | SBI

Question 36

Difference in PDI and PI is

Answer 36

PDI measures loss of attachement and PI does not

Question 37

What requires use of a special probe?

Answer 37

PSR periodontal screening and recording

Question 38

Established by WHO to determine periodontal treatment needs rather than periodontal status. Also requires use of a special probe

Answer 38

CPITN | the community periodontal index of treatment needs

Question 39

measures oral hyg status

Answer 39

OHI-S | simplified oral hygiene index

Question 40

what is used in conjuction with GI

Answer 40

``` PII plaque index (silness and loe) ```

Question 41

complete examination- includes mouth mirror, and explorer, lighting, through raidographs study moedels and tests as needed

Answer 41

type 1

Question 42

limited exam- mouth mirror and explorer, lighting posterior bitewings and select periapicals

Answer 42

type 2

Question 43

mouth mirror and lighting inspection

Answer 43

type 3

Question 44

screening tongue depressor and lighting

Answer 44

type 4

Question 45

broad based statement

Answer 45

goal

Question 46

specific statement

Answer 46

objective steps to achieve the program goals

Question 47

the patient begins to experience gratification and self satisfaction, behavior is modified

Answer 47

habit

Question 48

the patient tests new concepts acts based on perceived needs

Answer 48

action

Question 49

old ideas are discarded for new ones in an affort to change, motivation to act

Answer 49

involvement

Question 50

patient personalizes information

Answer 50

self interest

Question 51

correct information is obtained but it still lacks personal meaning

Answer 51

awareness

Question 52

the patient has incomplete or inaccurate information

Answer 52

unawareness

Question 53

outcome evaluation, after the program examining the processes or activities of a program after they have taken place, measures impact of a program

Answer 53

summative

Question 54

during the program, examining the process or activities of the program as they are taking place

Answer 54

formative

Question 55

the united states department of health and human services is

Answer 55

federal

Question 56

the individualized counseling is an example

Answer 56

of conveniance