Radiology

Question 1

connects extension arm and tube head, can revolve 360

Answer 1

Yoke

Question 2

Measures the amount of current passing through the wires of the circuits; determines the available number of free electrons at the cathode filament; determines the amount of xrays produced

Answer 2

mA

Question 3

determines the speed of electrons traveling from cathode to anode; determines the PENETRATING ability of the xrays produced.

Answer 3

Kvp

Question 4

a — kvp produces a radiograph with long scale contract; many shades of black to white

Answer 4

high

Question 5

the timer regulates duration of the interval the current will pass through the xray tube. how many impulses?

Answer 5

60

Question 6

electricity continuously flows in one direction. well suited for digital radiography

Answer 6

direct contact

Question 7

the measurement of the number of electrons moving through a wire conductor

Answer 7

amerage

Question 8

majority of dental x ray units operate in ranges from — mA to — mA

Answer 8

7-15

Question 9

the electrical pressure between two electrical charges; the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to flow through a conductor; in radiography, determines speed of electrons traveling from cathode to anode

Answer 9

voltage

Question 10

the highest voltage to which the current in the tube rises during exposure; majority of dental x ray untis operate in range of 65 to 100 kvp

Answer 10

kvp

Question 11

1 percent of — is converted to xray, 99 is loss to heat

Answer 11

energy

Question 12

heat is carried away and absorbed by insulating oil

Answer 12

true

Question 13

results in freed electrons to form cloud and hover around the filament wire recessed in the focusing cup until exposure button is pressed

Answer 13

thermionic emission

Question 14

wavelengths and frequency are inversely related

Answer 14

true

Question 15

xrays travel in — lines
have no charge
can cause latent image

Answer 15

straight

Question 16

aka thompson scattering, low energy xray passes near atoms outer electron. it may be scattered without loss of energy, the xray is scattered and unchanged

Answer 16

coherent scattering

Question 17

electromagnetic energy of xray is imparted in the form of kinetic energy causing the electron to fly from its orbit with considerable speed.

Answer 17

photoelectric effect

Question 18

exposure is per —- in —- units

Answer 18

coulombs per kilogram, and roentgen

Question 19

absorbed dose is per — and in — units

Answer 19

gray, rad

Question 20

dose equivelent is — to — units

Answer 20

sievert, rem

Question 21

occupational exposure limit is — mSv in one year

Answer 21

50, 5 rem

Question 22

occupational lifetime exposure limit is — mSv times the number of an individuals age

Answer 22

10

Question 23

pregnant dental personnel occupation exposure limit is

Answer 23

.5 mSV/month

Question 24

general public is permitted — in one year

Answer 24

.5 rem or 5mSv

Question 25

Lymphoid, organs, bone marrow, testes, and ovaries, small intestines, fetal cells

Answer 25

HIGHLY RADIOSENSITIVE

Question 26

muscle, brain, spinal cord

Answer 26

low radio

Question 27

reduces size of the xray beam impacts area of tissue exposed to primary xray beams reduces scatter

Answer 27

collimator

Question 28

single most effective method of reducing radiation to patient

Answer 28

rectangular

Question 29

rectangular collimation reduces patient exposure by

Answer 29

70 percent

Question 30

must restrict x ray beam to --- at the skin surface

Answer 30

2.75 inches

Question 31

safety standards require equivalent of 1.5 mm aluminum for xray machines operating in ranges below 70 kvp and a minimum of 2.5 mm aluminmum for machines operating at or above 70 kvp

Answer 31

true

Question 32

the longer the pid the less

Answer 32

radiation to the patient

Question 33

lead apron must contain --- mm of lead

Answer 33

.25

Question 34

second most effective method of reducing radiation to patient

Answer 34

fast film

Question 35

6 feet away at -- -- from head of patient

Answer 35

90 -135

Question 36

sensitive to radiation, retain the latent image when exposed to xrays

Answer 36

silver halide crystals

Question 37

the thicker the emulsion the faster the film. | the larger the crystal the faster the film

Answer 37

both true

Question 38

inadequate rinsing during any technique results in film turning --- eventually

Answer 38

brown

Question 39

--- or --- watt incandescent white light with a safelight filter over it

Answer 39

7.5-15

Question 40

safelight must be minimum of --- from working area

Answer 40

4 feet

Question 41

reduces exposed silver halide crystals to black metallic silver

Answer 41

developer

Question 42

stops further film development, establishes the image perm. on the film, removes the unexposed silver halide crystals, hardens the emulsion

Answer 42

fixer

Question 43

utilizing the occlusal radiographic technique along with parallel or bisecting the angle

Answer 43

right angle method

Question 44

produces images by utilzing a narrow beam of xrays to image a curved layer of slice of tissue

Answer 44

tomography

Question 45

the area between the xray source and the film where structures will be imaged clearly on the radiograph

Answer 45

focal trough

Question 46

frankfort plane needs to be parallel to the

Answer 46

floor

Question 47

chin to far forward

Answer 47

anterior teeth blurred and diminisehd

Question 48

chin to far back

Answer 48

anterior teeth blurred and magnified

Question 49

when the patients chin is tipped to low in pan xray the teeth on the anterior will be positioned closer to the film. the anterior teeth will appear blurry and magnified on the processed film

Answer 49

both false

Question 50

which of the following would be best for imaging perio disease

Answer 50

periapical radiographs exposed using paralleling tech

Question 51

when the automatic processor is working properly, how will an unexposed film exit the return chute? a. wet and dark b. dry and dark c. wet and clear d. dry and clear

Answer 51

dry and clear

Question 52

where should the embossed identification dot be positioned when taking periapical radiographs a. toward the midline of the oral cavity b. toward the distal of the oral cavity c. toward the palate of the floor of the mouth d. toward the incisal or occlusal edge of the tooth

Answer 52

d

Question 53

when viewing a radiographic film you identify the inverted y. what makes the y? a. dense cartilage structure that seperates the right nasal fossa from the left b. lateral wall of the nasal fossa and the anterior medial wall of the max sinus c. delineation of the midline of the palate and the junction of the right and left maxilla d. the opening that serves for the passage of nerves and blood vessels to max incisors

Answer 53

b

Question 54

``` which of the following is a radiolucent image evident on max cent periapical film a. nasal fossa b. nasal septum c lingual foramen d.anterior nasal spine ```

Answer 54

a

Question 55

which of the following removes the unexposed silver halide crystals from film emulsion during film processing a. elon b. hydroquinone c. sodium thiosulfate d. potassium bromide

Answer 55

c

Question 56

why is f speed film recommended over d speed film a. processess faster b. exposes two films at once c. greater sensitivity to radiation d. more comy in patients mouth

Answer 56

c

Question 57

``` which age of patient would be more sensitive to ionizing radiation a. 6. b. 16 c 30 d 60 ```

Answer 57

a1