Component 1 Theories Flashcards
(61 cards)
How does Van Zoonen believe gender is constructed?
Through discourse and it’s meaning varies according to cultural and historical contexts.
What does bell hooks consider feminism as?
“A struggle to end sexist oppression and the ideology of determination”
Stuart Hall- Define hegemony
A dominant set of values or ideas, usually held and reinforced by the most powerful people in society
What evidence from the way I, Daniel Blake was funded would challenge Curran and Seaton’s idea?
I, Daniel Blake was funded by BFI, BBC and the National Lottery which are publically funded so they are not primarily driven by the logic of profit and power
What is the difference between the female/male gaze in Van Zoonen’s theory?
Difference: men are seen by women romantically, women are seen by men sexually.
According to Lévi-Strauss, what has been the historical social function of binary opposites in narratives?
They helped us learn how to act and behave from the actions and experiences of others, and the consequences meted out in myths and fables.
In media theory, what are “Characterisations” questions to ask of set texts regarding binary opposites?
Which characters are oppositional, and how do costuming, setting, and performance make character juxtaposition visible?
In media theory, what are “Narrative binaries” questions to ask of set texts?
How are story events arranged to engineer oppositions, and how do characters’ actions produce contrast?
In media theory, what are “Ideological effects” questions to ask of set texts?
Which binary partners are audiences expected to align with, and which oppositional states are we positioned to embrace?
In media theory, what are “Questioning binaries” questions to ask of set texts?
How might audiences respond differently to the ideological messaging of binary storytelling, and how might an audience’s political beliefs or life experiences lead them to read against the intended grain of the text?
What is the basic idea of Hegemony in media theory?
The media continually reproduces images of a dominant group as superior or powerful.
In Western society, who is typically considered the dominant group according to Hegemony theory?
Middle-class white males.
Why do middle-class white males tend to be represented as superior in media, according to Hegemony?
Because the media is predominantly produced by middle-class white males.
What is the key point about Hegemony’s subtlety?
It is so subtle that those producing the media may not realise they are doing it, and it often goes unchallenged, leading established hierarchies to become accepted norms.
What did research by the Sutton Trust find about top journalists’ education?
Over half (54%) of today’s top journalists were educated in private schools, which is disproportionate given only 7% of the population attends private schools.
How can the media’s portrayal of certain groups (e.g., Muslims) lead to fear and lack of understanding?
If the only experiences and understanding come from news stories focusing on violence and extremism, it can cultivate fear and influence opinions in daily life.
How does Liesbet van Zoonen propose that the male body is presented in media?
The male body is presented and discussed in ways that invoke awe or fear, associating masculinity with power or prowess, often in relation to strength or relationship-based themes.
How does van Zoonen distinguish the portrayal of female nudity from male nudity in media?
Female nudity occurs repeatedly out of context, while male bodies are evaluated for their potential as husbands, partners, or fathers.
What does the term “intersectionality” refer to?
The overlapping nature of different social markers in our identities, such as race, gender, sexuality, class, age, or ability.
What was the real name of bell hooks?
Gloria Jean Watkins
bell hooks chose her pen name from her maternal great grandmother.
Why did bell hooks choose not to capitalize her pen name?
To focus on the substance of the books, not on her identity
This reflects a broader feminist goal of emphasizing ideas over individuals.
What is intersectionality?
The acknowledgment that racial and sexual discrimination overlap
This concept highlights the specific barriers faced by individuals at the intersection of multiple forms of oppression.
What was the focus of first wave feminism?
Voting rights for women on the same basis as men
This movement emerged in the late 19th century.
What issues did second wave feminism address?
Reproductive rights, pay inequality, domestic violence
This wave began in the early 1960s and focused on broader inequalities.
