Components of a Balanced Diet Flashcards
(27 cards)
1
Q
carbohydrate food sources?
A
- bread
- potatoes
- rice
- cereal
- fruit
2
Q
carbohydrates function?
A
- fuel for respiration
3
Q
protein food sources?
A
- meat
- eggs
- fish
- quinoa
- quorn
4
Q
protein function?
A
- growth and repair of cells and tissues
- fuel for respiration
5
Q
lipid food sources?
A
- butter
- cooking oil
- cream
- avacados
6
Q
lipid function?
A
- store of energy
- thermal and electrical insulation
- fuel for respiration
7
Q
what is energy measured in? (p2)
A
kilojoules (kJ)
8
Q
energy content of a food sample method? (p2)
A
- measure 25cm3 of water, pour it into the boiling tube and record the start temperature
- light the food sample over a Bunsen burner, then hold it under a boiling tube of water to heat it
- if the food stops burning, relight it until it cannot burn anymore
- measure the finishing temperature of the water and calculate the temperature change
9
Q
energy content calculation (p2)
A
energy = mass of water x 4.2 x temp increase / mass of food
10
Q
iron function?
A
- forms the part of the haemoglobin which binds to oxygen
11
Q
iron food sources?
A
- red meat
- liver
- spinach
12
Q
iron deficiency disease?
A
anaemia
13
Q
calcium function?
A
- needed to form bones and teeth
14
Q
calcium food source?
A
- milk and dairy products
- fish
- fresh vegetables
15
Q
calcium deficiency disease?
A
rickets
16
Q
vitamin A use in the body?
A
- making a chemical in the retina and also protects the surface of the eye
17
Q
vitamin A effect of deficiency?
A
- night blindness
- damaged cornea
18
Q
vitamin A food sources?
A
- fish liver oil
- liver
- butter
- carrots
19
Q
vitamin C use in the body?
A
- needed for cells and tissues to stick together
20
Q
vitamin C effect of deficiency?
A
scurvy
21
Q
vitamin C food sources?
A
- fresh fruit
- fresh vegetables
22
Q
vitamin D use in the body?
A
- needed to absorb calcium and phosphate ions from food
23
Q
vitamin D effect of deficiency?
A
- rickets - caused by weak bones
24
Q
vitamin D food sources?
A
- dairy products
- oily fish
25
why is water an essential part of our diet?
it is an essential solvent - it is used to transport the components of blood and is crucial for temperature regulation e.g. sweating
26
what is fibre used for in our diet?
- fibre is plant material that you cannot digest, it is mainly a chemical called cellulose (found in the cell wall of plants)
- fibre helps the movement of food through the intestine, preventing constipation and bowel cancer
27
why are fruits, vegetables and grains are good sources of fibre?
they all contain cellulose
