Composer - Renaissance Flashcards
(31 cards)
Guillaume Dufay - France
1397-1474
Born Cambrai
Career in NE France
Works at Cambrai cathedral and court of Duke of Savoy and Rome
Married old and new
Developed fauxbourdon (parallel first inversion harmonies)
Important in development of cycle mass
First composer to handle 4 voice texture
Composition now to clearly-defined harmonies
Piece: Se la face ay pale - strophic, through composed
Johannes Ockeghem - France
1410-1497
Belgium
Never traveled to Italy (unusual)
Increased texture from 3 to 4 voices
Increased ranges of voices
First to consistently use real bass part
Long flowing melodies
Dense texture
Piece: Salve Regina - Based on Gregorian Change
Josquin Desprez - France
Burgundy France
Time in Milan
Last part of life - Church of Notre Dame
Finest composer of his generation
First composer wholes reputation and repertoire outlived its maker
Important in developing imitative polyphony
Piece: Ave Maria
Nicolas Gombert - France
1495-1560
Student of Josquin
Influenced Morales and Di Lasso
Music
Continuously imitative
Limited homorhythmic passages
Interlocking cadences
Dense textures
Begins to write 5-6 parts
Piece: O Magnum Mysterium
Claudin de Sermisy - France
1490-1562
French Chanson
-Parisian style: homophonic, eve
- Netherlandish style:
Densely contrapuntal (like motets but with secular words)
Composer of Parisian style chansons
Served two prestigious positions
Piece: Tant qui vivray
Clement Janequin - French
1485-1558
Friend of Verdelot and Willaert
Disciple of Josquin
Most famous for programmatic chansons (longer, narrative texts)
Piece: Le chant does oiseanx
Giovanni Palestrina - Italy
1525-1594
Born in Palestrina - known as Palestrina while alive
Choirboy in Rome
Rome for life (connected to Church)
Technical control
Stylistic consistency
Smooth/balanced style
Curved melodic lines
Stepwise writing
Leaps with steps in opposite
Evenness of vocal entrances
Simplification of counterpoint
Use of homophony
Text is intelligible
Inspires later Cecilian movement
Savior of Polyphony
Piece: Flumina Babylonis
Orazio Vecchi - Italy
1550-1605
Born in Medena
Ordained priest
Acquainted with Gabrieli
Famous for Canzonets (homophonic, humorous, lighthearted texts, clear diatonic harmonies, balanced phrases, no fa la la refrain)
Giovanni Castoldi - Italy
1554-1609
Born in Caravaggio
Famous as purveyor of Ballet (homophonic, humorous lighthearted text, clear diatonic harmonies, balanced phrases, fa la refrain)
Piece: a lieta vita (Morley reworks in England)
Jacques Arcadelt - Italy
1505-1568
France (lives in Italy for much of life)
Composition of madrigal cycles
Madrigal style: syllabic text setting, alternation of homophonic and polyphonic textures
Piece: In Bianca e dolce cingo
Ciprano de Rore - Italy
1505-1565
Born in Belgium
Middle Madrigal
More rhythmic variety in madrigals (first to do so)
Considered leader of second madrigal period
Piece: Da le belle comrade d’oriente
Carlo Gesualdo - Italy
1561-1613
Prince in Venosa
Marries Donna Maria - kills her and lover in affair
Extreme chromaticism on death, upward melismatic
Late madrigal period
Claudio Monteverdi - Italy
1567-1643
9 books
First 4 in prima prattica
Second in seconda prattica
Piece: Ecco mormorar l’onde
Cristobal Morales - Spain
1500-1553
Born in Seville
Travels to Rome
Returns to Spain
Contemporary of Gombert, Clemons non Papa, Arcadelt
Considered most important composer of Catholic Latin church music between Josquin and Palestrina
Piece: Emenduemus in Melius
Francisco Guerrero - Spain
Born in Sevillle
Studies with Morales
Famous - travels to Rome and Venice
Piece: nino dios d’Amor herido
Thomas Luis de Victoria - Spain
Born in Spain
Studies in Rome with Germanico
Likely studies with Palestrina
Becomes Priest
Works in Madrid
Moves away from dense Netherlands counterpoint of Morales
Blend of homophony and polyphony
Mystical sound
Piece: Vere languores nostros and O Magnem Mysterium
Vicente’s Lusitano - Spain
death 1561
Last name unknown
Possibly the first published black composer
Known for treatise about music theory
Piece: Regina Caeli - dense layered counterpoint, lack of cadences
Heinrich Isaac - Germany
1450-1517
Born in Belgium
Vienna - court of Emperor Maximillian
Teaches Senfl
Contemporary of Josquin
Music often compared to Josquin
Use of voice pairs
Composition away from cantus firmus
Piece: Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen - most famou song, German polyphonic lied, homorhythmic
Jacob Handl - Germany
1550-1591
Born in Slovenia
Works at Church of St. Johannes in Prague
Music upholds council of Trent
Piece: Pater Noster
Ludwig Senfl - Germany
1486-1543
Born in Switzerland
Studied under Isaac
Never became a Protestant but corresponded with Martin Luther
Known to be eclectic in style
Used old forms such as cantus firmus and isorhythm
Piece: Das Glaut zu Speyer
Orlando di Lasso - Germany
Went by three different names (French, Italian, Latin)
Kidnapped twice as a child for beautiful singing voice
Both Gabrielle’s come to study with him
One of the most versatile and cosmopolitan figures in music history
Piece: in hora ultima
Hans Leo Hassler - Germany
Born in Nuremberg
Studies in Venice with Gabrieli
Considered one of the greatest German Renaissance composers along with di Lasso
Protestant but writes catholic as well
Piece: Tanzen und sprinen
Michale Praetorius - Germany
1571-1621
Born near Eisenach
Father Lutheran Pastor
Travels extensively
Final compositions in seconda prattica
Piece: In Dulci jubilo - double choir
John Taverner - England
1505-1573
Not a member of Henry VIII court
Pre Franco-Flemish style
Piece: AVe Dei Patti’s filia
