Musical Era - Romantic Flashcards
(10 cards)
Dates
1820-1900
Romantic - General
Ideals: Grandiousity, Free forms, expressivity
Move from light, graceful, sweet and soft to
Dramatic, large dynamic ranges, expressive markings
Motivic material to represent an emotion
Explanatory Program Notes
Some composers remained committed to traditional structural forms and objective principals
Leitmotifs
Wagner
Recurring material/motive that is connected to an idea of feeling
Romantic France
Paris conservatory: cent of composition
Berioz, Saint-Saens, Faure
Ercole Niedermeyer - institution of study for church music
Saint Sean’s teaches and Faure studies
Paris center of art and culture
Romantic Italy
Opera is still King - Choral music is an afterthought
Romantic Russia - Places
St. Petersburg (early)
Moscow (later)
St. Petersburg Conservatory (Tchaikovsky, Rachmninoff)
Moscow Conservatory (Chesnokov)
Music remains largely the same and consistent from classical
Romantic Russia - Religious Services
Divine Liturgy - equivalent to Roman Catholic mass
All-night Vigil - sung on Saturday evenings or major feasts, close equivalent would be vespers
Romantic England
Focus on Music Education & Singing Schools
John Hullah - 1841 singing school
John Curwen - sol-fa, invents hand signs
Romantic England - Partsong
Need for amateur movement in singing
Commissioning of simple part songs (Novello)
Early 19 - homophonic, square phrases, lacking in polyphonic and harmonic interest
Late 19th - more interesting harmonically and texturally, texts of greater literary merit, sprung out of choral festival movement
Romantic United States
Musical output in NE (NY, Boston)
Euro-centric - most complosers lived in or studied in Europe
Handel and Haydn Society (still exists today) - one of the first major choral organizations in the US
Lowel Mason - presiding and director of society
