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Intro To IT > Computer Systems > Flashcards

Computer Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for a system that consists of hardware and software components that work together to store, retrieve, and process data?

A

Computer System

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2
Q

What is the term for systems power digital cameras, run elevators and control temperature?

A

Special Purpose Computers

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3
Q

What are the two models used to describe the function of a computer system?

A

Input-Process-Output (IPO) model
Input-Process-Output-Storage (IPOS) model

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4
Q

The computer system divides work into what three categories?

A

1) a requirement from the environment or input
2) a computation based on the requirements or process
3) a provision for the environment or output

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5
Q

What is the term for a computer taking in raw data in a purposeful fashion?

A

Input

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6
Q

What is the term for transforming raw data into information?

A

Process

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7
Q

What is the term for providing the result of the transformation of data into information?

A

Output

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8
Q

What is the term for keeping data, information and results for intermediate or permanent records?

A

Storage

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9
Q

What is the term for the users in a computer system?

A

People (or liveware)

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10
Q

Who designs the operating and processing of a computer system?

A

System Analyst

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11
Q

Who writes code to implement the working of a computer system?

A

System Programmer

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12
Q

Who operates the computer system for different purposes?

A

End users

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13
Q

What role in a computer system does a keyboard, mouse and microphone support in a computer system?

A

Input

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14
Q

What role in the computer system does the CPU, RAM, and Hard Drive support?

A

Process

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15
Q

What role does the printer, speakers, and monitors support in the computer system?

A

Output

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16
Q

What three components in a computer system work together to transform data into information to meet a specific users need?

A

Hardware, Software and Middleware

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17
Q

The electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system are known as what?

A

Hardware

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18
Q

The data and computer programs in a computer system are known as what?

A

Software

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19
Q

The components in a computer system that share data between hardware and software are known as what?

A

Middleware

20
Q

Tangible components of a computer system are known as what?

A

Hardware

21
Q

The component of a computer system that specify how data is transformed into information is known as what?

A

Software

22
Q

Monitors, keyboards, mouses and smart phones are examples of what computer system component?

A

Hardware

23
Q

Internet browsers, spreadsheets and text editing are what components of a computer system?

A

Software

24
Q

That components of a computer system that moves data between hardware and software is what?

A

Middleware

25
Q

Motherboards, graphic cards, CPUs and power supplies are what?

A

Hardware

26
Q

What hardware component is at the center of what makes a computer work, houses the CPU and serves as the brain?

A

Motherboard

27
Q

What hardware component process data from the programs that your computer runs?

A

CPU

28
Q

What type of memory occupies the memory slots of the CPU and keeps the data immediately accessible?

A

Random-Access Memory (RAM)

29
Q

What is the hardware component that permanently stores data, or temporarily stores data in a pages filing system?

A

Hard-drive

30
Q

What feature is a built-in mechanism on most is that allow data to be moved from RAM to the hard drive?

A

Paging

31
Q

What is the term for the system of hardware and software components that connect two or more devices for the purpose of sharing data and information?

A

Networks

32
Q

What are the two common types of networks?

A

Local area network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)

33
Q

Which type of network spans a single home, school, or small office building and provides a connection for devices within the same network?

A

Local Area Network (LAN)

34
Q

What type of network reaches across cities, states or even across the world?

A

Wide Area Network (WAN)

35
Q

What are the two types of network designs?

A

1) client to server
2) peer-to-peer

36
Q

In what type of network design uses servers on one side of the network, authentication to facilitate millions of users logging in based on usernames, password and system identifiers?

A

Client server

37
Q

In what type of network design has all devices support long the same functions without assistance of a server

A

Peer-to-peer

38
Q

Which network design is common across organizations?

A

Client server

39
Q

Which network design is common in small offices and homes?

A

Peer-to-peer

40
Q

What term describes how data flows?

A

Physical Topology

41
Q

What two different perspectives are used when designing a network using physical topology?

A

Logical and physical

42
Q

What type of topology indicates how data actually flows and is extremely important when considering live load balancing, normal traffic, network backups and replication of data?

A

Logical topology

43
Q

What type of topology is the actual layout of how systems are placed in the network?

A

Physical topology

44
Q

What are the four most common network topology layouts?

A

Bus, star, ring and mesh

45
Q

What is the term for languages supporting data exchange between computers?

A

Protocols

46
Q

What is the most popular protocol found in internet and home computers?

A

TCP/IP

47
Q

What is the term for things that include network routers, access points, switches that make it possible for devices to communicate with each other?

A

Special purpose computer systems

Intro To IT (10 decks)

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