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SYO-601 > Computing Architecture > Flashcards

Computing Architecture Flashcards

3-second challenge

1
Q

An example of this architecture is mainframe computing

A

Centralised

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2
Q

Microsoft Windows networks are an example of this computing architecture

A

Client/Server (decentralised)

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3
Q

Delivery of services over the internet that scale to business needs

A

Cloud Computing

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4
Q

Widely used in factory automation

A

ICS - Industrial Control Systems

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5
Q

What does SCADA stand for?

A

SCADA stands for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, which refers to a system of software and hardware elements that allow industrial organizations to control industrial processes locally or remotely.

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6
Q

What term refers to a system used by industrial organizations to control processes locally or remotely?

A

SCADA

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7
Q

Define provisioning

A

Provisioning is the process of preparing and equipping a network or system to allow it to provide services, such as adding new users, devices, or software resources.

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8
Q

What is the process of preparing a network or system to provide services?

A

Provisioning

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9
Q

What term describes a system where control or decision-making is concentrated in a single central location?

A

Centralized

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10
Q

This cloud deployment model is provisioned for the exclusive use of a well-defined group

A

Community Cloud

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11
Q

This term refers to the ability to provide additional resources on-demand

A

Scalability

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12
Q

What is cloud bursting?

A

Cloud bursting is a hybrid cloud computing model in which an organization uses a combination of private and public cloud resources, scaling workloads dynamically between them based on demand.

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13
Q

What hybrid cloud computing model involves dynamically scaling workloads between private and public cloud resources?

A

Cloud Bursting

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14
Q

Define private cloud

A

A private cloud is a cloud computing model in which computing resources are dedicated to a single organization, providing greater control, security, and customization compared to public cloud services.

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15
Q

What cloud computing model dedicates resources to a single organization for greater control and security?

A

Private cloud

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16
Q

What is a community cloud?

A

A community cloud is a cloud computing model shared by several organizations with common computing concerns, such as compliance requirements or industry standards.

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17
Q

What cloud computing model is shared by multiple organizations with common concerns?

A

Community Cloud

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18
Q

What does CSP stand for in the context of cloud computing?

A

Cloud Service Provider, which refers to a company that offers cloud computing services, such as storage, computing power, or software applications, over the internet.

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19
Q

What term describes a company that provides cloud computing services over the internet?

A

CSP

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20
Q

Define scalability

A

Scalability is the ability of a system, network, or application to handle increasing workloads or user demands by adding resources, such as computing power, storage capacity, or network bandwidth.

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21
Q

What term describes the ability of a system to handle increasing workloads by adding resources?

A

Scalability

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22
Q

What is multitenancy in cloud computing?

A

Multitenancy is a cloud computing architecture where multiple users or tenants share the same physical resources and infrastructure while maintaining isolation and security for their data and applications.

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23
Q

What cloud computing architecture involves multiple users sharing the same physical resources while maintaining isolation?

A

Multitenancy

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24
Q

What does SaaS stand for?

A

SaaS stands for Software as a Service, which is a cloud computing model where software applications are hosted by a third-party provider and accessed by users over the internet.

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25
Q

What cloud computing model involves accessing software applications over the internet hosted by a third-party provider?

A

SaaS

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26
Q

Define cloud computing

A

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services, including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence, over the internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

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27
Q

What term describes the delivery of computing services over the internet to offer flexibility and scalability?

A

Cloud computing

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28
Q

What is a public cloud?

A

A public cloud is a cloud computing model where resources, such as servers and storage, are owned and operated by a third-party provider and made available to the general public over the internet.

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29
Q

What cloud computing model offers resources to the general public over the internet?

A

Public cloud

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30
Q

What does PaaS stand for?

A

PaaS stands for Platform as a Service, which is a cloud computing model that provides developers with a platform to build, deploy, and manage applications without worrying about infrastructure management.

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31
Q

What cloud computing model provides developers with a platform to build and deploy applications without infrastructure management?

A

PaaS

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32
Q

What does IaaS stand for?

A

IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service, which is a cloud computing model where virtualized computing resources, such as servers, storage, and networking, are provided over the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis.

33
Q

What cloud computing model provides virtualized computing resources over the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis?

A

IaaS

34
Q

Region

A

Set of connected data centres deployed within a defined perimeter

35
Q

Availability zone

A

Zone is made up of one or more data centres equipped with independent power, cooling and networking

36
Q

Geography

A

An area of the world containing at least one region

37
Q

Provisioning and deprovisioning pooled resources to match current demand

A

Rapid elasticity

38
Q

Location within a region with independent power, cooling and networking

A

Availability zone

39
Q

Set of connected data centres deployed within a defined perimeter

A

Region

40
Q

Regional instance

A

Comprised of a primary instance and a standby instance

41
Q

Comprised of a primary instance and a standby instance

A

Regional instance

42
Q

What is an instance in cloud computing?

A

An instance in cloud computing refers to a virtual machine or computing environment created from a template, typically running on a hypervisor or container platform within a cloud infrastructure.

43
Q

What term describes a virtual machine or computing environment created from a template in cloud computing?

A

Instance

44
Q

Define availability zone

A

An availability zone in cloud computing is a geographically distinct data center within a region that provides redundancy and fault tolerance, allowing services and applications to remain available in the event of failures or disasters.

45
Q

What term describes a geographically distinct data center within a cloud region for redundancy and fault tolerance?

A

Availability zone

46
Q

What is an abstracted layer in cloud computing?

A

An abstracted layer in cloud computing refers to a level of virtualization or abstraction that hides the underlying complexity of hardware and infrastructure, allowing users to interact with resources at a higher level of abstraction.

47
Q

What term describes a level of virtualization that hides the complexity of hardware and infrastructure in cloud computing?

A

Abstracted layer

48
Q

Define rapid elasticity

A

Rapid elasticity in cloud computing refers to the ability of cloud services to automatically scale computing resources up or down based on demand, allowing organizations to quickly adapt to changing workload requirements.

49
Q

What term describes the ability of cloud services to scale resources up or down based on demand?

A

Rapid elasticity

50
Q

What is resource pooling in cloud computing?

A

Resource pooling in cloud computing refers to the practice of aggregating and sharing computing resources, such as servers, storage, and network bandwidth, across multiple users or applications to achieve efficiency and flexibility.

51
Q

What term describes the practice of aggregating and sharing computing resources across multiple users or applications in cloud computing?

A

Resource pooling

52
Q

What are cloud security groups?

A

Cloud security groups are virtual firewalls that control inbound and outbound traffic to instances or resources within a cloud environment, providing network security by defining rules and access controls.

53
Q

What term describes virtual firewalls that control traffic within a cloud environment by defining rules and access controls?

A

Cloud security groups

54
Q

Define measured service

A

Measured service in cloud computing refers to the practice of monitoring, reporting, and charging users for the resources they consume, allowing organizations to pay only for the resources they use on a metered basis.

55
Q

What term describes the practice of monitoring and charging users for the resources they consume in cloud computing?

A

Measured service

56
Q

What is a region in cloud computing?

A

A region in cloud computing is a geographical area containing one or more data centers, providing users with access to cloud services and resources deployed within that area.

57
Q

What term describes a geographical area containing data centers that provide access to cloud services?

A

Region

58
Q

Define the physical layer

A

The physical layer in cloud computing refers to the underlying hardware infrastructure, including servers, storage devices, networking equipment, and data center facilities, on which cloud services are built.

59
Q

What term describes the underlying hardware infrastructure in cloud computing?

A

Physical layer

60
Q

What are containers in cloud computing?

A

Containers in cloud computing are lightweight, portable, and self-contained environments that package application code, runtime, libraries, and dependencies, allowing applications to run consistently across different computing environments.

61
Q

What term describes lightweight, portable environments that package application code and dependencies for consistent execution?

A

Containers

62
Q

What is a host in computing?

A

A host in computing refers to a physical or virtual machine that runs one or more software applications or services, providing computing resources and processing power to users or other machines.

63
Q

What term describes a physical or virtual machine that provides computing resources and processing power?

A

Host

64
Q

What is a virtual machine escape?

A

A virtual machine escape is a security vulnerability where an attacker gains unauthorized access to the host operating system from within a virtual machine, potentially compromising the entire virtualization environment.

65
Q

What term describes a security vulnerability where an attacker gains access to the host OS from within a virtual machine?

A

Virtual machine escape

66
Q

Define virtualization sprawl

A

Virtualization sprawl refers to the uncontrolled proliferation of virtual machines or virtualized resources within an IT environment, leading to inefficiencies, management challenges, and increased costs.

67
Q

What term describes the uncontrolled proliferation of virtualized resources within an IT environment?

A

Virtualization sprawl

68
Q

What are containers in computing?

A

Containers in computing are lightweight, portable, and self-contained environments that package application code, runtime, libraries, and dependencies, allowing applications to run consistently across different computing environments.

69
Q

What term describes lightweight, portable environments that package application code and dependencies for consistent execution?

A

Containers

70
Q

Define virtualization

A

Virtualization is the process of creating virtual versions of computing resources, such as servers, storage devices, or networks, allowing multiple virtual instances to run on a single physical machine.

71
Q

What term describes the process of creating virtual versions of computing resources?

A

Virtualization

72
Q

What is NSX?

A

NSX is a software-defined networking (SDN) solution developed by VMware that virtualizes network infrastructure, allowing for network virtualization, micro-segmentation, and security policy enforcement in virtualized data centers.

73
Q

What term describes VMware’s software-defined networking solution for virtualizing network infrastructure?

A

NSX

74
Q

What are virtual machines?

A

Virtual machines are software-based representations of physical computers that emulate computer architectures and provide functionality similar to physical machines, allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single physical host.

75
Q

What term describes software-based representations of physical computers that emulate computer architectures?

A

Virtual machines

76
Q

What is a hypervisor?

A

A hypervisor is a software or firmware layer that creates and manages virtual machines, allowing multiple virtual instances to run on a single physical machine by abstracting and virtualizing hardware resources.

77
Q

What term describes software or firmware that creates and manages virtual machines?

A

Hypervisor

78
Q

What is VDI?

A

VDI stands for Virtual Desktop Infrastructure, which is a technology that virtualizes desktop operating systems and applications, allowing users to access virtual desktops remotely from thin clients or other devices.

79
Q

What term stands for Virtual Desktop Infrastructure, allowing remote access to virtual desktops?

A

VDI

SYO-601 (10 decks)

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