Concept Of Health Flashcards
Signs an animal is ill: (5)
• Deviate from normal behaviour
• Lethargic, weak, whimpering
• Excessive thirst, salivation, hunger
• Respiratory issues
• Vomit, diarrhoea
Challenges to health (4 factors)
• Physical/external - scratch, fall
• Microbial - infection & infestation
• Metabolic - poison, allergies
• Psychological - stress, fear
Factors that reduce chance of injury
• sensitive pain receptors - condition out of harmful situations
• stable social grouping - less risk in comfortable settings
Factors that avoid infection & infestation
• Barriers to entry
•maintained hygiene
Factors that fight & repair damage
• immune system & gut
• tissue & wound healing
Domestic challenge factors
• overcrowding
• stress
• selective breeding
• high production levels
• artificial feeding & housing
• barren environments
Group level infection prevention
• biosecurity
• hygiene & disinfection
• vaccination & antibiotic treatment
Animal level infection prevention
• physical barriers
• chemical barriers
• immunological barriers
How infection is spread
• breathing contaminated air
• eating contaminated food
• handling infected materials
• contacting infected people & animals
• contacting infected soil & water
biosecurity
- a set of practical measures to prevent the spread of disease on and between farms.
- setting up biosecurity measures helps protects everyone on farm, as well as stock
preventing infection at animal level
- physical barriers
- chemical barriers
- immunological barriers
the skin
a barrier to infectious organisms
- thickness of skin varies on the body
- offer diff. levels of protection
function of skin and scales
protection from
- mechanical injury
- invasion of pathogens
- desiccation
- absorption of toxic substance
- radiation
regulation of:
- fluids
- vitamin D
sensation
- hot & cold
- touch
- pain
challenges to skin integrity
physical:
- scratch, grazes, bruises, cuts
- pressure sores, ulcers
- punctures
thermal
- burns & frostbite
responses to trauma
defensive
reparative
defensive responses to trauma
- inflammatory response
- immune systems local defence reaction
reparative responses to trauma
- renew integrity of surface barrier
- may lead to excess of fibrous tissue
treatment to deeper cuts and wounds
- apply pressure
- cold water
- cover w/ ointments
- chemicals as topical agents
- stitch, staple or glue wound
