constipation and diarrhoea Flashcards
(25 cards)
codeine phosphate in chronic diarrhoea
bad idea as can be addictive
how does codeine phosphate
mu receptor in GI to decrease the peristalsis and constrict the sphincters
Loperamide is an anti…
motility agent
Loperamide class
non-selective calcium channel blocker
Loperamide binds to
opioid mu-receptors
Loperamide where is the receptors it binds to
myenteric plexus large intestine
Loperamide works by
Decreases the activity of the myenteric plexus which decreases the motility of the circular and longitudinal smooth muscles of the intestinal wall.
Suppresses the gastrocolic reflex.
Loperamide used in
onspecific diarrhoea
IBD (adults only)
gastrocolic reflex
act of eating stimulates movement in the gastrointestinal tract
Loperamide agonist or antagonist
agonist
Loperamide avoid in
active UC
Loperamide bad side effect
Paralytic ileus
Paralytic ileus
Obstruction of the intestine due to paralysis of the intestinal muscles
Diphenoxylate
opiate receptor agonists
Macrogols work by
causing excess water to be retained in the stool, stimulating a bowel movement
Macrogols are for
chronic constipation
Ispaghula husk class
Bulk forming laxative
Ispaghula husk works because
cannot be brokendown in the gut, and therefore acts to add bulk to the stool
Senna active metabolite
rheinanthrone
how does senna work
increase COX2 expression in macrophage cells = increase in prostaglandin E2 = decrease in aquaporin 3 expression in mucosal epithelial cells of the large intestine this is restricting water reabsorption by the large intestine thereby increasing fecal water content.
lactulose class
Osmotic Laxative
what is lactulose
synthetic sugar
lactulose is broken into
lactic acid
sodium picosulphate is used for
bowel prep
