GI infections

Question 1

GI fungal infections medicatons

Answer 1

Nystatin

Fluconazole

Question 2

what is nystatin against

Answer 2

yeast and yeast like organisms

Question 3

what does nystatin bind to

Answer 3

ergosterol

Question 4

where is ergosterol

Answer 4

fungal cell membranes

Question 5

how does nystatin damage the fungi

Answer 5

creates pores in the membrane = leakage = cell death

Question 6

fluconazole class

Answer 6

Triazole antifungals

Fungal Ianosine Demethylase inhibitor

Question 7

target of fluconazole

Answer 7

Fungal cytochrome P450 3A enzyme

Question 8

what does fungal cytochrome P450 3A enzyme do

Answer 8

responsible for converting lanosterol to ergosterol

Question 9

action of fluconazole

Answer 9

inhibitor

Question 10

common adverse affects of fluconazole

Answer 10

GI disturbance

Question 11

important negative affects of fluconazole

Answer 11

Hepatotoxicity
Paraesthesia, peripheral neuropathy
Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Question 12

who is more likely to get Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Answer 12

people with AIDS

Question 13

what is Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Answer 13

disorder of skin and mucous membranes

Question 14

drugs you cant give with fluconazole

Answer 14

Calcium channel blockers 
Warfarin 
Sulphonylureas
colchicine increased risk of colchicine toxicity
Statins

Question 15

why cant you give fluconazole withcalcium channel blocker

Answer 15

negative inotropic effect, can precipitate heart failure

Question 16

why cant you give fluconazole with warfarin

Answer 16

increased anticoagulant effect

Question 17

why cant you give fluconazole with statins

Answer 17

increased risk of myopathy

Question 18

special advice to give to patients taking fluconazole

Answer 18

reliable contraception until after next menstrual period

Question 19

protozoal infection treatment

Answer 19

Metronidazole

Question 20

moa of Metronidazole

Answer 20

nitro-group becomes charged and trapped within the intracelluar compartment of anaerobic organisms leading to bacterial DNA damage and cell death

Question 21

Metronidazole adverse effects

Answer 21

GI disturbance
Metallic taste
Dizziness, headache

Question 22

first line in C. difficile colitis

Answer 22

Metronidazole

Question 23

drugs not to take with Metronidazole

Answer 23

Alcohol
Warfarin
Acitretin
Clozapine

Question 24

why cant you give metronidazole with alcohol

Answer 24

disulfiram-like reaction

Question 25

Metronidazole special info for patinets

Answer 25

avoid alcohol for 48 hours

Question 26

why cant you give metronidazole with warfarin

Answer 26

increased anticoagulant effect

Question 27

why cant you give metronidazole with clozipine

Answer 27

agranulocytosis

Question 28

what organism is metronidazole very good at targetting

Answer 28

anaerobic

Question 29

vancomycin class

Answer 29

Glycopeptide antibiotics

Question 30

another drug in the same class as vancomycin

Answer 30

Teicoplanin

Question 31

vancomycin target

Answer 31

Terminal moieties of the NAMA and NAG peptides

Question 32

vancomycin action

Answer 32

binding

Question 33

vancomycin moa

Answer 33

Irreversibly block the elongation of peptidoglycan chains by preventing the incorporation of NAMA and NAG peptide subunits = no cell wall synthesis

Question 34

vancomycin works against

Answer 34

gram positive

Question 35

why cant vancomycin work against gram neg

Answer 35

unable to penetrate the cell membrane of gram -ve bacteria

Question 36

important bad side effcets of vancomycin

Answer 36

Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity blood disorders

Question 37

vancomycin contrainidcations

Answer 37

avoid in deafness

Question 38

vancomycin special information

Answer 38

avoid rapid infusion = anaphylactic