nausea and vomitting Flashcards
(28 cards)
Cyclizine is used for
motion sickness nausea
vertigo
Hyoscine class
muscarinic antagonist
Hyoscine blocks
muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
when to give hyoscine
before the onset of motion sickness
acetylcholine and vomitting
communication between the vestibular system and the vomiting centre
Metoclopramide class
dopamine receptor antagonists
how does metoclopramide work
raises the threshold of activity in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and decreases the input from afferent visceral nerves
what can metoclopramide do in high doses
antagonize 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the peripheral nervous system
how does metoclopramide work on the GI tract
inhibits gastric smooth muscle relaxation
Prochlorperazine class
antipsychotic
Prochlorperazine use
severe nausea; vomiting; and vertigo
hows does prochlorperazine work as an antiemetic
dopamine blockade in the chemoreceptor trigger zone
Ondansetron class
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
Ondansetron has a low affinity for
dopamine receptors
what does inhibition of 5-HT3 receptors do
nhibits the visceral afferent stimulation of the vomiting center, and serotonin activity in the CTZ.
where are serotonin 5-HT3 receptors
nerve terminals of the vagus in the periphery, and centrally in the CTZ
Aprepitant is for
nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic cancer chemo
what cancer chemo would you use aprepitant for
cisplatin
what does aprepitant have a selective high affinity for
human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors
aprepitant binds to what receptors and where
brain NK1 receptors
aprepitant bonus
augments the antiemetic activity of the 5-HT3-receptor antagonist ondansetron
Nabilone is used for
treatment of the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy
Nabilone risks
disturbing psychotomimetic reactions
Cannabinoid Receptors
CB1 and CB2
