Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology IGCSE > Coordination and response > Flashcards

Coordination and response Flashcards

1
Q

electrical impulses travel along..?

A

electrical impulses travel along
neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the nervous system consist of

A

CNS and PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does CNS stand for

A

Central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does PNS stand for

A

Peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does CNS consist of?

A

the brain and the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the PNS stand for?

A

the nerves outside of the brain
and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the role of the nervous system

A

coordination and regulation of body functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe a simple reflex arc in terms of: receptor,
sensory neurone, relay neurone, motor neurone
and effector

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe a reflex action

A

a means of automatically and rapidly integrating and
coordinating stimuli with the responses of
effectors (muscles and glands)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe a synapse

A

a junction between two neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of a synapse, including the
presence of vesicles containing neurotransmitter
molecules, the synaptic gap and receptor
proteins

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the events at a synapse

A

(a) an impulse stimulates the release of
neurotransmitter molecules from vesicles
into the synaptic gap

(b) the neurotransmitter molecules diffuse
across the gap

(c) neurotransmitter molecules bind with
receptor proteins on the next neurone

(d) an impulse is then stimulated in the next
neurone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the synapse ensure?

A

ensures that impulses travel in one direction only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe sense organs

A

groups of receptor cells responding to specific stimuli:
light
sound
touch
temperature
chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe the function of the cornea

A

– refracts light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the function of the iris

A

controls how much light enters the
pupil

17
Q

describe the function of the lens

A

– focuses light on to the retina

18
Q

describe the function of the optic nerve

A

carries impulses to the brain

19
Q

describe the function of the retina

A

– contains light receptors, some
sensitive to light of different colours

20
Q

define a hormone

A

a chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried by the blood, which alters the activity of one or more specific
target organs

21
Q

where is glucagon secreted in?

A

the pancreas

22
Q

Describe the role of adrenaline in the control of
metabolic activity

A
  • increasing the blood glucose concentration
  • increasing heart rate
23
Q

Describe adrenaline

A

hormone secreted in ‘fight or flight’ situations

24
Q

effects of adrenaline

A
  • increased breathing rate
  • increased heart rate
  • increased pupil diameter
25
Q

Differences between nervous and hormonal control, limited to speed of action and duration of effect

A
26
Q

which endocrine gland secretes adrenaline?

A

adrenal glands

27
Q

which endocrine gland secretes insulin

A

the pancreas

28
Q

which endocrine gland secretes testosterone

A

the testes

29
Q

which endocrine gland secretes oestrogen?

A

the ovaries

30
Q

define homeostasis

A

the maintenance of a constant internal environment

31
Q

what does insulin decrease?

A

insulin decreases blood glucose
concentration

32
Q

What is gravitropism

A

a response in which parts of a plant grow towards or away from gravity

33
Q

What is phototropism

A

a response in which parts of a plant grow towards or away from the direction of the light source

34
Q

What are examples of the chemical control of plant
growth

A

phototropism and gravitropism of a shoot

35
Q

What is the role of auxin

A

in controlling shoot growth

36
Q

describe the pathway of auxin in stimulating cell elongation

A

(a) auxin is made in the shoot tip
(b) auxin diffuses through the plant from the
shoot tip
(c) auxin is unequally distributed in response to
light and gravity
(d) auxin stimulates cell elongation

Biology IGCSE (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions