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Drugs > Copy of Toxicities and Side Effects - Sheet1 > Flashcards

Copy of Toxicities and Side Effects - Sheet1 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Tox: Acetaminophen

A

Rx: N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

Tox: Salicylates

A

Rx: NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis

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3
Q

Tox: Amphetamines (basic)

A

Rx: NH4Cl (acidify urine)

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4
Q

Tox: AchE inhibitors, organophosphates

A

Rx: Atropine, Pralidoxime

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5
Q

Tox: Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

A

Rx: Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

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6
Q

Tox: B-blockers

-Bradycardia, Hypotension, CV collapse

A

Rx: Glucagon (incr cAMP in cardiac myocytes)

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7
Q

Tox: Digitalis

A

Rx: Normalize K+, Lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+

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8
Q

Tox: Iron

A

Rx: Deferoxamine, deferasirox

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9
Q

Tox: Lead

A

Rx: CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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10
Q

tox: Mercury, arsenic, gold

A

Rx: Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

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11
Q

Tox: Copper, arsenic, gold

A

Rx: Penicillamine

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12
Q

Tox: Cyanide

A

Rx: Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

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13
Q

Tox: Methemoglobin

A

Rx: Methylene blue, vit C

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14
Q

Tox: CO

A

Rx: 100% O2, Hyperbaric O2

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15
Q

Tox: Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

A

Rx: Fomepizole> ethanol, dialysis

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16
Q

Tox: Opiods

-Severe sedation, respiratory depression, miosis

A

Rx: Naloxone/naltrexone

mu antagonists

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17
Q

Tox: Benzodiazepines

A

Rx: Flumazenil

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18
Q

Tox: TCAs

A

Rx: NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

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19
Q

Tox: Heparin

A

Rx: Protamine

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20
Q

Tox: Warfarin

A

Rx: Vit K, FFP

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21
Q

Tox: tPA, Streptokinase, Urokinase

A

Rx: Aminocaproic acid

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22
Q

Tox: Theophylline

A

Rx: B-blocker for the induced cardiac arrhythmia

-give Benzodiazepine and barbiturates for induced Seizures.

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23
Q

Rxn: Coronary vasospasm

A

Rx: Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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24
Q

Rxn: Cutaneous flushing

A

Rx: Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacine, Ca2+ channel blockers, Caspofungin (by histamine release)

VANCC

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25
Rxn: Dilated cardiomyopathy
Rx: Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), daunorubicin
26
Rxn: Torsades de pointes
``` Rx: Class III (Sotalol) and class IA (quinidine) anti-arrhyth *not Amiodarone ```
27
Rxn: Agranulocytosis
Rx: Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone Agranulocytosis Could Certainly Cause Pretty Major Damage
28
Rxn: Aplastic anemia
Rx: Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole
29
Rxn: Direct Coombs + hemolytic anemia
Rx: Methyldopa, PCN
30
Rxn: Gray baby syndrome
Rx: Chloramphenicol
31
Rxn: Hemolysis in G6PD-defic pts
Rx: Isoniazid (INH), Sulfonamides, Primaquine, ASA, Ibuprof, Nitrofurantoin, Dapsone Hemolysis IS PAINeD
32
Rxn: Megaloblastic anemias
Rx: Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drgs Have a blast w PMS
33
Rxn: Thrombotic complications
Rx: OCPs (estrogens)
34
Rxn: Cough
Rx: ACE-i
35
Rxn: Pulm fibrosis
Rx: Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan It's hard to BLAB when you have pulm fibrosis
36
Rxn: Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
Rx: Erythromycin
37
Rxn: Focal-massive hepatic necrosis
Rx: Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
38
Rxn: Hepatitis
Rx: INH
39
Rxn: Pseudomembranous colitis
Rx: Clindamycin, ampicillin
40
Rxn: Adrenocortical insuffic
Rx: Glucocorticoid w/drawal (HPA suppression)
41
Rxn: Gynecomastia
Rx: Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimeditine, chronic alcohol use, estrogens, Ketoconazole Some Drugs Create Awkward Knockers
42
Rxn: Hot flashes
Rx: Tamoxifen, Clomiphene
43
Rxn: Hyperglycemia
Rx: Niacin, tacrolimus, protease-i, HCTZ, corticosteroids, cyclosporine
44
Rxn: Hypothyroidism
Rx: Lithium, Amiodarone, Sulfonamides Your LASt T
45
Rxn: Fat redistribution
Rx: Glucocorticoids, protease-i
46
Rxn: Gingival hyperplasia
Rx: Phenytoin, Verapamil, Cyclosporine
47
Rxn: Gout
Rx: Furosemide, Thiazides, NIacin, Cyclosporine
48
Rxn: Myopathies
Rx: Fibrates, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, Interferon-a, Penicillamine, Statins, Glucocorticoids. Plus Daptomycin** FishedD N CHIPS Give you myopathies
49
Rxn: Osteoporosis
Rx: Corticosteroids, heparin, chronic use of Omeprazole
50
Rxn: Photosensitivity
Rx: Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline SAT for a photo
51
Rxn: Rash (SJS)
Rx: PCN, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital Bad rash after a PEC SLAPP
52
Rxn: SLE-like syndrome
Rx: Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin -these drugs are acetylated in the liver! it's been found that many ppl w Lupus are Slow Acetylators. Not HIPP to have lupus
53
Rxn: Teeth changes (kds)
Rx: Tetracyclines
54
Rxn: Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage dmge
Rx: Fluoroquinolones
55
Rxn: Nephrogenic DI
Rx: Lithium, demeclocycline
56
Rxn: Fanconi's
Rx: Expired tetraycline
57
Rxn: Hemorrhagic cystitis
Rx: Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)
58
Rxn: Interstitial nephritis
Rx: Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide
59
Rxn: SIADH
Rx: Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide
60
Rxn: Cichoism
Rx: Quinidine, Quinine
61
Rxn: Parkinson-like syndrome
Rx: Antipsychotics, Reserpine (inhibits dopamine --> NE), Metoclopramide
62
Rxn: Seizures
Rx: Isoniazid (if given without pyridoxine), Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide With seizures, I BITE My tongue
63
Rxn: Tardive dyskinesia
Rx: Antipsychotics
64
Rxn: Antimuscarinic
Rx: Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, Antipsychotics (low potency -Thi Chlor)
65
Rxn: Disulfiram-like rxn
Rx: Metronidazole, certain Cephalosporins, Procarbazine, 1st-gen Sulfonylureas
66
Rxn: Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity
Rx: Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin, Loop diuretics, Cisplatin
67
Rxn: Serotonin Syndrome
Rx: Cryoheptadine (5-HT1/2 receptor antagonist, Antihistamine)
68
P-450 Inducers
``` Modafinil Barbiturates St. John's wort Phenytoin Rifampin Griseofulvin Carbamazepine Chronic alcohol use ```
69
P-450 Inhibitors
``` Macrolides Amiodarone Grapefruit juice Isoniazid Cimetidine Ritonavir Acute alcohol abuse Ciprofloxacin Ketoconazole Sulfonamides Gemfibrozil Quinidine ```
70
Sulfa drugs
Probenicid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide Ab's, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylureas -Rxns: fever, UTI, pruritic rash, SJS, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria (hives)
71
Tox: Adenosine
-Antidote: Theophylline and caffeine
72
Tox: Serotonin (Serotonin Syndrome) | --> clonus/hyperreflexia, CV collapse (tachy), flushing, hyperthermia, diarrhea, seizures, confusion, agitation
-antidote: Cyrohepatidine (5HT1/2 antagonist)
73
1st dose hypotension
- ACE-is (make sure pt not on a diuretic --> hypovolemia --> exacerbates the medications' effects) - A1 antagonists (e.g. Prazosin, Tamsulosin)

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