Core random Qs Flashcards
(41 cards)
What are the 3 catergories of depression Sx
Biological
Somatic
Psychological
What is PHQ-9 and give 2 other things similar to it
Patient Health Questionnaire it assess depression severity
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD)
What do you need to always ask for a patient with suspected mental health problem
Suicide or self harm
Any past attempts to harm yourself?
any current attempts?
Risk to self
Did you think of harming anyone around you?
R u able to cope at home? and managing basic living skills? intoxication?
Psych drugs
selective seratonin reuptake inhibitors SSRI e.g. fluoxetine, citalopram
noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant NaSSA
selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor SNRI e.g. venlafaxine
Dementia
causes - alzheimer Rx with acetylholinestrase inhibitor, vascular Rx with aspirin, parkinson’s
DDx - delirium,pseudo-dementia (with depression)
Sx - mostly family recognised
Rx- support all aspects of life
Awareness of place and time and date
5 As of alzheimers
Amnesia - short or complete memory loss
Aphasia - speech
Agnosia - inability to use senses for recognition (visual agnosia
Apraxia - inability to perform certain actions (dressing apraxia)
BPSD? - behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia
whats aphasia
Aphasia expressive - can understand perfectly but cant articulate
Aphasia receptive - cant understand but speech is perfect
What is the IQ of a person with learning disability
An IQ under 70
Learning Disability’, ‘Learning Difficulty’ and ‘Intellectual Disability
Learning disabilty is a big problem
learning difficulty - dyslexia
learning difficulty and intellectual disability are interchangeable terms
Degrees of learning disablities
50-69 - fair language, reasonable independance
35-49 better receptive than expressive
20-34 50% will have epilepsy, receptive and expressive
20> increased need and vulnerability 12M developmental level (profound)
what is not learning disability
people who develop an IQ less than 70 after age of 18 of any cause
people who have dyslexia or delayed language and speech development
Learning disablity puts you at risk of which conditons
Dementia
Alzheimer’s in downs syndrome
psychological 2-3 times higher risk
physical health problems often missed
1/3 of LD develop epilepsy with Sleep disorder Mood change and Self harm
important things with learning difficulties
safeguarding
capacity
consent
Deprivation of liberty
Illicit Drugs
Heroin A constricted pupils
Cocaine A - stim MI tachy
N LSD A No W/D -DOP-5ht antagonist -halluc- psychosis
N MDMA A -stim dilated pupils- de and over hydration paranoia - rhabdomyolysis
N Psilocybin Mushrooms A - No W/D -5ht partial agonist relaxed, hullc - poisoning, stomach pain paranoia
Cannabis B anxious diarrhea cravings paranoia schiz
Amphetamines B stim monoamine agonist/antagonist
Ketamine B - No W/D -NMDA -relaxed, halluc- GA
Mephedrone B - No W/D- Monoamine agonist/ant -stim, seizures epistaxis
GHB/GBL C stim
Benzodiazepines C - relax GABA
Alcohol - GABA
N Amyl Nitrate - rush high - sudden death
Stroke
TIA
complete or in evolotion (progressive)
Sx weakness (reflexes?), visual (x3), visio-spatial (cortex), speech (aphasia, dysarthria), ataxia, headache, coma, apraxia?
seizures and coma?
focal neuro deficit
inv
cardiac emboli
Rx- tissue plasmonigen, aspirin, hep and warf?
risks
causes
ABCD2
Reflexes
Parkinson’s disease
vascular or idiopathic
triad of PD - tremor, tone, bradykinesia
Rx - levodopa, decarboxylas, MONO, COMPT, anticholinergics
Holiperidol ?
when to inv? - pyramidal involvement
risks - familial, age, gender, environmental
Epilepsy
type of seizures tonic clonic absence myoclonic clonic tonic atonic - flaccid
focal - simple and complex
inv
Rx
Meningitis
Meningism
viral causes - headache?
pnemonia?
LP and CT - PCR, blood cultures
bacterial
Rx
Migraines
Causes - CHOCOLATE the pill HRT
Rx
DDx
prevention
AAA
8:1 age 3M:1F scary
abdo pain going to the back or groin like renal colic
complications- rupture, fibrosis, hydronephrosis, thrombus
weird Rx
all >5.5 surgery
> 6 DVLA >6.5 no drive
layers
Asthma
3 asthma
hay fever
ladder
acute and chronic
PEFR
Pneumonia
CAP- strep. pneumonia, H.influenzae, mycoplasma pneumonoa
HAP gram-ve entero, staph aureas, pseudomonas
CURB65
COPD
COPD ladder
emphysema
Genetics
Surgical sieve
V: vascular I: infective/Inflammatory T: traumatic A: autoimmune M: metabolic I: iatrogenic/idiopathic N: neoplastic C: congenital D: degenerative/developmental E: endocrine/environmental F: functional
