Cortical Functioning Areas

Question 1

Parietal lobe, post-central gyrus, Broadmann areas 3, 1, 2
Processes pain, temperature, touch
Receives projections from VPL and VPM thalamus
Damage results in sensory loss on the contralateral side of the body or face

Answer 1

Primary somatosensory area

Question 2

Parietal lobe, superior bank of lateral fissure

Answer 2

primary somatosensory area II

Question 3

Superior parietal lobule, areas 5, 7
Integrates impulses associated with somatic sensations for recognition of body parts, position, and appreciation of sensations
Damage results in defective recognition of sensory impressions, failure to recognize objects

Answer 3

somatosensory association area

Question 4

Area 17
Receives input from fibers originating in the LGN thalamus
Borders calcarine sulcus above and below the banks
Retinotopically organized
Unilateral lesion results in contralateral homonymous hemianopsia

Answer 4

primary visual cortex

Question 5

Areas 18, 19

Essential for seeing colors and motion

Answer 5

visual association areas

Question 6

Temporal lobe, transverse gyri of Heschl, area 41
Dorsal surface of the superior temporal gyrus
Receives input from MGN thalamus
Tonotopically organized
Unilateral lesion results in difficulty in localizing sounds and difficulty distinguishing speech from background noise

Answer 6

primary auditory cortex

Question 7

Posterior part of area 22

Interprets what is heard

Answer 7

auditory association area

Question 8

Parietal and temporal lobes, inferior parietal lobule
Supramarginal gyrus, area 40
Angular gyrus, area 39
Superior temporal gyrus, area 22
Involved in understanding speech
Damage to the dominant hemisphere results in aphasia

Answer 8

Wernicke’s area

Question 9

Inferior frontal gyrus, areas 44, 45
Involved in generating speech
Damage to the dominant hemisphere results in difficulty producing fluent sentences, resulting in telegraphic speech

Answer 9

Broca’s area

Question 10

Frontal lobe, precentral gyrus, area 4
Somatotopic representation
Receives input from premotor somatosensory area, and VA and VL thalamus
Motor-sensory area

Answer 10

primary motor area

Question 11

Frontal lobe, areas 6, 8
Produces movements similar to those obtained by stimulating area 4 but require stronger stimulation
Stimulation of area 8 (frontal eye field) results in conjugate movement of the eyes to opposite side, influences voluntary eye movements

Answer 11

premotor area

Question 12

Areas 9, 10, 11, 12
Functions in higher intellectual capacities and executive functions such as planning, ambition, drive, and personality
Lobotomy destroys ambition, personality, and drive

Answer 12

prefrontal cortex