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<3 > CPR Angiology > Flashcards

CPR Angiology Flashcards

1
Q

How does the aorta travel?

A

Ascending aorta —> aortic arch—> descending aorta —> thoracic aorta —> abdominal aorta

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2
Q

How does. The thoracic aorta become the abdominal aorta?

A

Goes thru aortic hiatus on the thoracic diaphragm and into abdomen

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3
Q

What does the ascending aorta produce?

A

Right and left coronary arteries

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4
Q

What is the Right Coronary A.?

A

Branch of ascending aorta traveling anteriorly around heart to the posterior aspect

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5
Q

What arises from the RIght Coronary a.? (7)

A

SinuAtrial Nodal A.

Conus branch

Atrial branch

Right marginal a.

Atrioventricular nodal a.

Posterior interventricular a.

Right posterolateral a.

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6
Q

What does the Sinuatrial Nodal a. Supply?

A

Sa node

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7
Q

What does the conus branch of the right coronary a. Supply?

A

Supplies conus arteriosus

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8
Q

What does the atrial branch of the Right Coronary a.?

A

Right atrium

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9
Q

Where is the Right marginal a. ?

A

Travels along the inferior border of the heart

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10
Q

What does the Atrioventricular NOdal A. supply?

A

AV node

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11
Q

Where is the

Posterior Interventricular A.?

A

Travels along posterior aspect of heart b/w RV and LVs

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12
Q

What comes off the Posterior Interventricular a.?

What will it supply?

A

Interventricular septal brnaches

Will supply interventricular septum

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13
Q

What does the Right posterolateral a. Supply?

A

LV

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14
Q

What is the Left Coronary A.?

A

Branch of ascending aorta traveling superiorly around heart to the posterior aspect

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15
Q

What arteries arise from the Left Coronary a.?

A

Anterior Interventricular A.

Circumfelx A.

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16
Q

What comes off the Anteiror INterventricular a.?

A

Conus branch

Lateral a.

Interventricular septal branches

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17
Q

Where does the anterior interventricular a. Travel thru?

What does it supply?

A

Travels along anterior aspect of heart b/w RV and LV

Supplies AV bundle as it passes thru the interventricular septum

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18
Q

What does the conus branch of the anterior interventricular a. Supply?

A

Supply conus arteriosus

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19
Q

Where does the lateral a./diagonal a. Travel?

A

Descends along anterior surface of heart

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20
Q

What does. The intervencular septal branches of the ANterior interventricular a. Supply?

A

Supplies interventricular septum, AV bundle, and Right/Left bundle branches

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21
Q

Where does the Circumflex A. Travel ?

A

Travels posteriorly around heart to posterior aspect

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22
Q

What comes off the circumflex a.?

A

Left marginal a.

Posterior left ventricular a.

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23
Q

Where is the left marginal a.?

A

Travels along left margin of heart

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24
Q

What does the Posteiror Left Ventricular a. Supply?

A

Supplies left ventricle

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25
Q

What comes off the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

Left common carotid a.

Left subclavian a.

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26
Q

What comes off the Brachiocephalic trunk?

A

Right common carotid a.

Right subclavian a.

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27
Q

What does the left common carotid a. Supply?

A

Head and neck

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28
Q

Where is region 1 of the Left Subclavian a. ?

A

Medial to the anterior scalene m.

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29
Q

What are the branches in REgion 1 of the LEft SUbclavian a. ?

A

Vertebral a.
Internal thoracic a.
Thyrocervical trunk

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30
Q

What does the vertebral a. Supply?

A

Head and neck

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31
Q

Where odes the internal thoracic a. Travel?

A

Travels down to posterior aspect of anterior chest wall b/w the ribs and transverse thoracic m.

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32
Q

What are the arteries that come off of the Internal Thoracic A. ?

A

Anterior intercostal a.

Pericardiacophrenic a.

Musculophrenic a.

Superior epigastric a.

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33
Q

Where does the anterior intercostal a. Travel?

A

Travel on Costal groove

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34
Q

What are the branches of the ANterior intercostal a.?

Where do they go to?

A

Perforating branches to breast

Medial mammary branches to breast

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35
Q

What does the pericardiacophrenic a. Supply?

A

Primary blood supply to pericardium

Supplies thoracic diaphragm

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36
Q

What are the terminal branches of the internal thoracic a.?

A

Musculophrenic a.

Superior epigastric a.

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37
Q

Where does the musculophrenic a. Travel?

A

Travels along medial margin of 7-9 costal cartilages

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38
Q

What does the musculophrenic a. Supply?

A

Supplies 7-9 anterior most intercostal spaces

Supplies thoracic diaphragm

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39
Q

Where does the Superior epigastric a. Travel?

A

Travels on deep surface of the Rectus Abdominal M.

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40
Q

What will the Superior Epigastric A. Anastomose w/?

A

W/ inferior epigastric a.

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41
Q

What are the branches off the thyrocervical trunk?

What does the thyrocervical trunk supply?

A

Inferior thyroid a.
Ascending Cervical A.
Suprascapular a.
Transverse cervical a.

Will supply head and neck

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42
Q

Where is region 2 of the Left Subclavian A. ?

A

Deep to the anterior scalene m.

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43
Q

What is in region 2 of the Left Subclavian a.?

A

Costocervical trunk

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44
Q

What are the branches on the costocervical trunk ?

A

Supreme intercostal a.

Deep cervical a.

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45
Q

Where is region 3 of the Left Subclavian a.?

A

Lateral to the anterior scalene m., proximal to 1st rib

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46
Q

What is in region 3 of the Left Subclavian a.?

A

Dorsal scapular a.

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47
Q

What is the continuation of the Subclavian a. Distal to the 1st rib?

A

Axillary a.

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48
Q

Where is region 1 of the Axillary a.?

A

Distal to the 1st rib and proximal to pec minor m.

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49
Q

What are the arteries of the Axillary a.?

A

SCrew the Lawyer, save a patient

Superior thoracic a.

Thoracoacromial trunk
Lateral thoracic a.

Subscapular a.
Anterior Humeral circumflex a.
Posterior Humeral circumflex a.

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50
Q

Where does the superior thoracic a. Travel? What does it supply?

A

Travels to thoracic wall

Supplies 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces and the superior most serratus anterior msucle

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51
Q

Where does the lateral thoracic a. Travel ?

What does it supply?

A

Travels along lateral border of Pec Minor M.

Supplies Pec Major and MInor, Serratus anterior and Intercostal M.

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52
Q

What branches come off the lateral thoracic a and what do they supply?

A

Lateral mammary branches to breast

53
Q

What is the blood supply to the breasts and what is their origin?

A

Medial mammary and perforating branches from Anterior Intercostal A.

Lateral Mammary branches from Lateral thoracic a.

Lateral mammary branches from lateral Cutaneous a. (From desc.aorta)

54
Q

Where is region 3 of the Axilla?

A

Distal to Pectoralis minor, proximal to teres major m.

55
Q

Where is region 2 of the Axillary a. ?

A

Deep to the Pec Minor M.

56
Q

What are the branches of the Subscapular A.?

A

Circumflex scapular

Thoracodorsal a.

57
Q

Where is the descending aorta located?

A

Extends from aortic arch to Aortic hiatus

58
Q

What are the 3 vascular planes of the Descending Aorta?

A
  1. Unpaired visceral branches
  2. Paired lateral visceral branches
  3. Paired segmental parietal branches
59
Q

What are the unpaired visceral branches of the descending aorta?

A

Mediastinal a.

Esophageal a.

Pericardial a.

60
Q

What does the mediastinal a. Supply?

A

Lymph nodes of the posterior mediastinum

61
Q

What does the Esophageal a. Supply?

A

Supplies middle 1/3 of esophagus

62
Q

What does the Pericardail a. Supply?

A

Small branches to the pericardium

63
Q

What are the paired lateral visceral branches of the Descending Aorta?

A

Right bronchial a.

Left bronchial a.

64
Q

What does the right bronchial a. Supply?

A

Supplies the structures of the hilum of the Right lung

65
Q

What structures can the RIght Bronchial a. Arise from?

A

Upper posterior intercostal a. ‘

Descending aorta

Left bronchial a.

66
Q

What does the left bronchial a. Supply?

A

Strucutres of the hilum of Left lung

67
Q

What are the Paired Segmental Parietal Branches?

A

Posterior intercostal a.

Subcostal a.

68
Q

Where does the posterior intercostal a. Travel:

A

Travels in costal groove

69
Q

What are the posterior intercostal a. Branches:

A

Dorsal branch

Collateral branch

Lateral cutaneous a.

70
Q

Where does the dorsal branch of the Posterior Intercostal a. Travel?

A

Travels w/ posterior Ramus of spinal nerves

71
Q

Where doe the collateral branch of the Posterior Intercostal a. Travel?

A

Travels along the superior edge of rib INFERIOR to the intercostal space

72
Q

Where does the Lateral Cutaneous a. Travel through ?

A

Travels thru the intercostal Ms. to supply area of skin and subcutaneous tissue on lateral trunk

73
Q

Where does the subcostal a. Travel?

A

Travels into abdomen, below 12th rib w/ subcostal n.

74
Q

What is another a. Of the Desc. Aorta that does not fit into 1 of the 3 vascular plane branching patterns?

What does it supply?

A

Superior phrenic a.

Supplies thoracic diaphragm

75
Q

Where does the pulmonary trunk exit the heart?

A

At superior border, distal to the RV, and past the pulmonary valve

76
Q

What does the pulmonary trunk produce?

A

Right and left pulmonary arteries

77
Q

What will the Right and left pulmonary arteries travel w/?

A

W/ corresponding bronchus

78
Q

What is the Right pulmonary a. ? Where will it travel to?

A

Thick walled vessels which convey DE-oxygenated blood

Travels to lung and enters at Hilum

79
Q

What are the branches of the RIght pulmonary a.?

A

Superior lobar a.
W/ segemental As.

Inferior lobar a.
W/ segmental As.

80
Q

Where does the supeiror lobar a. Of the Right pulmonary a. Go to?

A

Superior lobe of lung

81
Q

What are the segmental As. Of the Superior Lobar a. ?

A

Apicoposterior
Anterior
Lingular

82
Q

What will the inferior lobar a. Supply?

A

Inferior lobe of lung

83
Q

What are the segemental as. Of the inferior lobar a.?

A

Supeiror
Anteromedial basal
Lateral basal
Posterior basal

84
Q

What do the pulmonary v. Come from?

A

Begin as intersegmental v. B/w bronchopulmonary segments

85
Q

What do pulmonary veins travel with?

Where do they travel and empty into?

A

Nothing- travel Independently

They travel from pulmonary a. And bronchi

Empty OXygenated blood into Left Atrium

86
Q

Where is the coronary sinus and what does it do?

A

Posterior aspect of heart

Drains great, middle and small cardiac V.

87
Q

Where does the Great Cardiac V. Originate and travel to?

What does it travels/

A

Originates on anterior aspect of heart b/w RV and LV

Travels w/ anterior interventricular a.

Travels around heart

88
Q

Where is the anterior cardiac v. Seen?

What will the Anterior cardiac v. Empty into?

A

On anterior surface of heart crossing of right AV groove

Empties directly into RA

89
Q

Where does the MIddle cardiac v. Travel?

What does it travel with?

A

Travels along posterior aspect of heart b/w RV and LV

Travels with the Posterior Interventricular a.

90
Q

What will the coronary sinus empty into?

A

Right atrium of heart

91
Q

Where does the small cardiac v. Travel?

What does it travel with?

A

Travels along inferior border of heart

Travels with right marginal a.

92
Q

What are the smallest cardiac veins?

Where are they?

What do they do?

A

Extremely small vessels with no valves

Exist in myocardium

Communicate directly w/ internal chamber of heart

93
Q

What forms the superior vena cava?

Where will it drain?

A

Union of R and L Brachiocephalic v. And Azygos v.

Will drain from superior into the RA

94
Q

What are the Azygos V.s?

A

Azygos v.

Accessory hemiazygos v.

Hemiazygos v.

95
Q

What does the Azygos v. Drain?

What will it cross over to meet up with?

A

Drains the posterior intercostal v. Form the right side of the posterior thoracic wall

Crosses over vertebral bodies to meet with Superior Vena Cava

96
Q

What does the RIght Posterior Intercostal V. Travel with?

Where?

A

Travels with posterior intercostal a. In costal groove

97
Q

What does the Hemiazygos v. Drain?

A

Drains posterior intercostal v. From LEFT side of the lower posterior thoracic wall

98
Q

What will the hemiazygos v. Communicate w/ ?

A

With the Azygous v. Via communicating branch

99
Q

What does the communicating branch of the hemiazygos v. Do?

A

Branch divides Hemiazygos v. From the accessory hemiazygos v.

100
Q

What does the Accessory Hemiazygos v. Drain?

A

Drains posterior intercostal v. From LEFT side of UPPEr posterior thoracic wall

101
Q

What forms the Inferior Vena Cava?

A

Union of right and left common iliac v.

102
Q

Where will the inferior vena cava travel thru?

A

Thru abdomen, thru Vena Caval foramen of he thoracic diaphragm and then drains into the RA of the heart

103
Q

When is a coronary artery bypass graft used ?

A

Segement of Coronary A. Is replaced if there is an obstruction of it

104
Q

What vein is often used in a coronary artery bypass graft?

Why?

A

Great saphenous vein

  • similar in diameter
  • easy to dissect from lower limb
  • has long portions w/ no branching/valves

(Could also use radial a.)

105
Q

What is a coronary angioplasty?

A

Insertion of a small balloon catheter into the lumen of the coronary a.

Balloon is inflated to flatten obstructing plaque against wall and increase the size of the lumen

In hope to improve blood flow

106
Q

What is a pulmonary embolism?

A

Obstruction of a pulmonary a. By an embolus (such as blood clot, fat globule, or air bubble)

107
Q

Where will a pulmonary embolism pass from and Thur?

A

Embolus usually passes from vein thru the right side of heart into the pulmonary arteries

108
Q

What does the Thoracic duct originate as?

A

Chyle cistern in the abdomen

109
Q

What will the Thoracic duct do?

A

Drains lymph from …everything except Right UE and right head

110
Q

Where will the thoracic duct empty into?

A

Into venous system near junction of the Left Internal Jugular V. And LEft Subclavian v.

111
Q

What will the thoracic duct drain in the thorax?

A

Subclavian lymphatic trunk

Bronchomediastinal trunk

112
Q

What does the subclavian trunk drain?

A

Drains UEs and Axilla via the Axillary Lymphatic plexu

113
Q

What does the jugular trunk drain?

A

Drains cranial and cervical lymph nodes

114
Q

What does the Bronchomediastinal trunk drain?

A

Drains parasternal, parabrachial, paraesophageal, superior phrenic and Brachiocephalic lymph nodes

115
Q

What does the right lymphatic duct drain ?

A

Subclavian lymphatic trunk

Bronchomediastinal trunk

116
Q

Where will the right lymphatic duct empty into?

A

Empties into the Brachiocephalic v.

117
Q

What is the thymus?

A

Primary lymphoid organ located in ANterior superior mediastinum

118
Q

What will happen to the thymus after puberty?

A

Gradually replaced by fat after puberty

119
Q

What are the axillary lymph nodes?

A
  • Pectoral
    * Interpectoral
    * Delotpectoral
    * Supraclavicular
    * Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes
120
Q

What do the axillary lymph nodes drain?

A

Drains 75% of breast via the sub areolar lymphatic plexus

121
Q

Where will the axillary Lymph nodes empty into?

A

Into Subclavian lymphatic trunk to Right Lymphatic duct or thoracic duct

122
Q

What do the Parasternal lymph nodes drain?

A
  • sub areolar lymphatic plexus
    * Parietal pleura
    * Thymus
123
Q

What will the parasternal lymph nodes empty into?

A

Bronchomediastinal trunk

124
Q

What do the tracheobronchial lymph nodes drain?

A
  • bronchopulmonary lymph nodes (which drain the lungs)

* Subepicardial lymphatic plexus

125
Q

What do the bronchopulmonary lymph nodes drain?

A

Drains the superficial and deep lymphatic plexus rs of the lung

126
Q

What does the Superficial Lymphatic plexus of the lung drain?

A

Drains Superifical lung and visceral pleura

127
Q

What does the Deep lymphatic plexus of the lung drain?

A

Drains the deep lungs and the bronchi

128
Q

What drains the parietal pleura

A

Phrenic lymph nodes

anterior mediastinal lymph nodes

Intercostal Lymph nodes

129
Q

What do the posterior mediastinal lymph nodes drain?

A 
Parietal pleura
Esophagus
Posterior pericardium
Thoracic diaphragm
Middle posterior intercostal spaces

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