Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

(90 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what are the cranial nerves responsible for?

A

all innervation of the head except for the back of the head and posterior to the ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the three types of motor fibers?

A

somatic, branchial, and visceral motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the three types of sensory fibers?

A

visceral, general, and special sense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are somatic motor fibers?

A

efferent fibers, which are typically voluntary skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are branchial motor fibers?

A

voluntary muscles, but are derived from embryological structures on the ventral half of the body; the branchial arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are visceral motor fibers?

A

the effector fibers of the parasympathetic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are visceral sensory fibers?

A

these are the rarest fibers. they are fibers that monitor sensations in hollow tubes such as blood vessels, digestive tract organs etc which we are not normally aware of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are general sensory fibers?

A

afferent fibers such as touch, temperature, pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are special sense fibers?

A

fibers of smell, vision, taste, hearing, and balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is cranial nerve one?

A

olfactory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where does olfactory nerve emerge from?

A

from the CNS from under the inferior surface of the cerebral cortex, at the olfactory trigone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does the olfactory nerve exit the cranium?

A

via the foramina in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the target of the olfactory nerve?

A

the primary olfactory area which includes the uncus of the temporal lobe and part of the hippocampus and terminates in the olfactory muscosa of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F this nerve contains the only afferent fibers reaching the cortex that do not relay through the thalamus

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what type of fibers does the olfactory nerve carry?

A

special sensory fibers for he special sense of smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is cranial nerve 2?

A

optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where does the optic nerve enter?

A

into the CNS in the forebrain and diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where do the fibers of the optic nerve arise from?

A

ganglion cells in the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where do the fibers of the optic nerve exit?

A

they exit the posterior orbit through an opening in the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone called the optic canal to then enter the middle cranial fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do the optic nerve fibers cross through to continue posteriorly as the optic tracts?

A

optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the destination of the optic nerve?

A

the geniculate bodies of the thalamus and the occipital cortex of the occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what type of fibers does the optic nerve carry?

A

special sensory fibers for the special sense of vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the third cranial nerve?

A

oculomotor nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where does the oculomotor nerve emerge?

A

from the CNS the midline between the midbrain and pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
where does the oculomotor nerve exit the cranium?
through the superior orbital fissure which lies between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone into the orbit
26
what is the destinations of the oculomotor nerve?
the intracoular muscles (constrictor pupillae and cilliary muscles) and 4 of the 6 extraocular muscles ( superior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscle)
27
what type of fibers does the oculomotor nerve carry?
somatic motor fibers (general somatic efferent fibers) and visceral motor fibers (general visceral efferent fibers)
28
what is the fourth cranial nerve?
trochlear nerve
29
where does the trochlear nerve emerge from?
the CNS on the posterior aspect of the midline of the midbrain
30
Does the trochlear nerve emerge from dorsal or ventral side?
dorsal
31
where does the trochlear nerve exit?
through the superior orbital fissure to reach the orbit
32
what is the destination of the trochlear nerve?
superior oblique muscle of the eye
33
what type of fibers does the trochlear nerve carry?
somatic motor fibers (general somatic efferent fibers)
34
what is the fifth cranial nerve?
trigeminal
35
where does the trigeminal nerve emerge from?
the lateral aspect of the pons within the cavernous sinus
36
what are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
ophthalmic V1, maxillary V2, and mandibular V3
37
where does the ophthalmic division exit the cranium?
superior orbital fissue
38
what does the ophthalmic division supply?
the skin on the front of the head and the nose
39
what type of fibers does the ophthalmic division carry?
general sensory fibers (general sensory afferent fibers)
40
where does the maxillary division exit the cranium?
through the foramen rotundum
41
what does the maxillary division supply?
the skin of the upper jaw upper teeth/gums, and the palate and some meninges
42
what type of fibers does the maxillary division carry?
general sensory fibers (general sensory afferent fibers)
43
where does the mandibular division exit the cranium?
through foramen ovale
44
what does the mandibular division supply and with what fibers?
the muscles of mastication (mylohyoid, anterior digastric) muscles of the eardrum, the soft palate, and muscles under the mandible with branchial motor fibers (especially visceral efferent fibers) and then sensory information from the lower face, anterior 2/3 of the tongue, lower teeth/gums, some meninges and a small bit of the skin around the external auditory meatus via general sensory fibers (general sensory afferent fibers)
45
what is the sixth cranial nerve?
abducens nerve
46
where does the abducens nerve emerge from?
the CNS at the inferior border of the pons on the ventral side
47
where does the abducens nerve exit?
through the superior orbital fissure
48
what is the destination of the abducens nerve?
lateral rectus muscle of the eye
49
what type of fibers does the abducens nerve carry?
somatic motor fibers (general somatic efferent fibers)
50
what is the name of the seventh cranial nerve?
facial nerve
51
where does the fascial nerve emerge from?
the CNS on the junction between the pons and the medulla on the brainstem
52
where does the fascial nerve exit?
the internal acoustic meatus
53
which cranial nerve passes through the parotid gland (NOT INNERVATED BY IT)
fascial known as the parotid plexus
54
what are the four types of fibers of the fascial nerve?
branchial motor (special visceral efferent fibers), visceral motor fibers (general visceral efferent fibers), general sensory fibers (general somatic afferent fibers), and special sensory fibers (special afferent fibers)
55
what do the branchial motor fibers of the fascial nerve supply?
the muscles of fascial expression, auricular muscles, the posterior bellies of the digastric muscles, stylohyoid muscles and the stapedius muscles
56
what do the visceral motor fibers of the fascial nerve supply?
lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual glands
57
what do the general sensory fibers of the fascial nerve supply?
general sensory information to very few areas of the skin
58
what do the special sensory fibers of the fascial nerve supply?
the special sense of taste for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, the hard and soft palates, which are provided by the chorda tympani nerve
59
what is the eighth cranial nerve?
vestibulocochlear nerve
60
where does the vestibulocochlear nerve emerge from?
the junction between the pons and the medulla
61
where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the cranium?
the internal auditory meatus
62
when does the vestibulocochlear nerve separate and into what?
in the internal auditory meatus into the vestibular and the cochlear nerve
63
what type of fibers does the vestibulocochlear nerve carry?
special sensory fibers (special afferent fibers) to contribute to the special sense of hearing and balance
64
what is the ninth cranial nerve?
glossopharyngeal
65
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve emerge from?
the rostral medulla, more specifically the postolivary sulcus
66
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit the cranium?
the jugular foramen
67
what are the 5 different fibers the glossopharyngeal nerve carries?
branchial motor fibers (special visceral efferent fibers) visceral motor fibers (general visceral efferent fibers) visceral sensory fibers (general visceral afferent fibers) general sensory fibers (general somatic afferent fibers) special sensory fibers (special afferent fibers)
68
what does the branchial motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply?
the striated muscle, the stylopharyngeus muscle (longitudinal muscle of the pharynx)
69
what does the visceral motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply?
the otic ganglion which sends nerve fibers to stimulate the parotid gland
70
what does the visceral sensory fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply?
carries sensory information from the carotid body and the carotid sinus
71
what does the general sensory fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply?
provides general sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, the skin of the external ear, and the internal surface of the tympanic membrane
72
what does the special sensory fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply?
provides the special sense of taste for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
73
what is the name of the tenth cranial nerve?
vagus
74
where does the vagus nerve emerge from?
a medullary level in the postolivary sulcus as a series of rootlets just inferior to CN IX
75
where does the vagus nerve exit the cranium?
jugular foramen
76
what are the four types of fibers the vagus nerve carries?
branchial motor fibers (special visceral efferent fibers) visceral motor fibers (general visceral efferent fibers) visceral sensory fibers (general visceral afferent fibers) general sensory fibers (general somatic afferent fibers)
77
what does the branchial motor fibers of the vagus nerve supply?
the constrictor muscles of the pharynx and the palatoglossus muscle of the tongue
78
what does the visceral motor fibers of the vagus nerve supply?
smooth muscles and glands of the pharynx and larynx, bronchi, aorta, heart, esophagus, and the abdominal visera
79
what does the visceral senosry fibers of the vagus nerve supply?
relay sensory information from the larynx, trachea, esophagus, thoracic and abdominal viscera
80
what does the general sensory fibers of the vagus nerve supply?
sensory information to the skin at the back of the ear and in the external auditory meatus
81
what is the eleventh cranial nerve?
accessory nerve
82
where does the accessory nerve emerge from?
postolivary sulcus of the medulla and it contains several cervical spinal roots through the foramen magnum
83
where does the accessory nerve exit the cranium?
jugular foramen
84
what are the targets of the accessory nerve?
the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid with motor innervation
85
what type of fibers does the accessory nerve carry?
branchial motor fibers (special efferent fibers)
86
what is the twelfth cranial nerve?
hypoglossal
87
where does the hypoglossal nerve emerge from?
between the pyramids and the olives of the medulla
88
where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the cranium?
the hypoglossal canal
89
what does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?
the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except for the palatoglossus muscle
90
what type of fibers does the hypoglossal nerve carry?
somatic motor fibers (general somatic efferent fibers)

Anatomy (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions