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CSD Vocab > csd ch 2 > Flashcards

csd ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

communication

A

an exchange of ideas between senders and recievers. involves message transmission and response or feedback.

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2
Q

sociolinguistics

A

the study of how factors like cultural identity, setting, and participants influence communication.

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3
Q

unilateral

A

primarily affecting one ear

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4
Q

language

A

a socially shared code that is used to represent concepts.

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4
Q

grammar

A

rules of a language

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4
Q

generative

A

creation of new utterances is allowed in language

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4
Q

characteristics of language

A

a socially shared tool, a rule-governed system, an arbitrary code, a generative process, a dynamic scheme

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4
Q

dynamic

A

changing over time

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4
Q

phonology

A

the sound system of english, containing 43 phonemes (unique speech sounds)

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5
Q

form

A

consists of phonology, morphology, syntax

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6
Q

phonotactic rules

A

specify how sounds may be arranged together

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7
Q

morphology

A

the structure of words

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8
Q

morpheme

A

the smallest grammatical unit within a language

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9
Q

free morpheme

A

may stand alone as a word

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10
Q

bound morpheme

A

changes the meanings of original words by adding their own meanings; cannot be used alone & must be attached to free morphemes.

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11
Q

syntax

A

how words are arranged in a sentence & to the ways in which one word may affect another.

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12
Q

content

A

the pieces of meaning that come together to define a particular word

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13
Q

semantics

A

the meaning of a word, phrase, sentence or text

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14
Q

pragmatics

A

use

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15
Q

speech

A

the process of producing the acoustic representations or sounds of language

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16
Q

articulation

A

the way in which speech sounds are formed

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17
Q

fluency

A

the smooth, forward flow of communication

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18
Q

rate

A

speed of talking

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19
Q

pitch

A

a listener’s perception of how high or low a sound is

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20
Q

habitual pitch

A

the basic tone that an individual uses most of the time

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21
Q

intonation

A

pitch movement within an utterance

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22
Q

non-vocal

A

without voice

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23
Q

kinesics

A

the way we move our bodies, called body language

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24
Q

proxemics

A

the study of the physical distance between people, as it relates to communication

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25
Q
A
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26
Q

tactiles

A

touching behaviors

26
Q

chronemics

A

the effect of time on communication

26
Q

ASHA

A

american speech-language hearing association

27
Q

etiology

A

the cause or origin of a problem

27
Q

aquired

A

resulting from something; occurs later in life

27
Q

dialect

A

differences that reflect a particular regional, cultural, social, of ethnic identity; not disorders of speech or language

28
Q

voice

A

speech sounds made with larynx through the vocal cords & mouth

28
Q

congenital

A

from birth/present at birth

29
Q

conductive

A

loss is caused by damage to the outer or middle ear

29
Q

sensorineural

A

loss involves problems with the inner ear and/or auditory nerve

30
Q

dysarthria

A

disorder resulted from paralysis, weakness, or poor coordination of the muscles for speech cause poor speech articulation.

31
Q

apraxia

A

poor articulation due to nuero-motor difficulties, appears to be due to programming the speech mechanism, not muscle strength.

32
Q

developmental disfluency

A

lack of language fluency during early childhood years. repeating words, false starts, revising utterances.

33
Q

fillers

A

er, um, ya know, etc.

34
Q

hesitations

A

unexpected pauses

35
Q

repititions

A

“g-g-go”

36
Q

prolongations

A

“wwwwelll”

37
Q

stuttering

A

aforementioned behaviors, plus excessive tension, struggle, fear

38
Q

vocal abuse

A

excessive yelling, screaming, or loud singing that results in hoarseness, or another voice disorder.

39
Q

mixed

A

combination of both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss

40
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing; difficulty moving food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach

41
Q

prevelence

A

refers to the number of people within a specified population who have a particular disorder or condition at a given point in time.

42
Q

incidence

A

refers to the number of new cases of a disease/disorder in a particular time period.

43
Q

assessment of communication disorders

A

the systematic process of obtaining information from many sources, through various means, and in different settings to verify & specify communication & swallowing strengths/weaknesses, identify possible causes of problems, and make plans to address them.

44
Q

diagnosis

A

distinguishing an individual’s difficulties from the broad range of possible problems

45
Q

diagnostic therapy

A

slp works with the client for a time & will obtain a clearer picture of the person’s communication abilities/limitations in the process

46
Q

predisposing causes

A

genetic factors, etc.

47
Q

precipitating causes

A

something that triggered the disorder; stroke, etc.

48
Q

maintaining/perpetuating causes

A

continues/adds to the problem

49
Q

prognosis

A

an informed prediction of the outcome of a disorder, both with and without intervention, and is based in part, on the nature and severity of the disorder; the client’s responsiveness to trial therapy during assessment; and the client’s overall communicative, intellectual, and personal strengths and weaknesses.

50
Q

authentic data

A

actual, real-life information, in sufficient quantity to make meaningful and accurate decisions.

51
Q

norm-referenced

A

test scores are used comparatively with a sample of individuals similar to the client

52
Q

criterio-referenced

A

tests that evaluate a client’s strengths/weaknesses with regard to particular skills and does not make comparisons to others

53
Q

dynamic assessment

A

probing to explore a client’s ability to modify behavior by producing previously misarticulated sounds, learning a language rule, reducing disfluencies, etc.

54
Q

speech/language sampling

A

reviewing case history & asking open-ended questions for explaining

55
Q

automatic

A

client should not have to think about what has been learned

56
Q

self-monitor

A

ability to listen & observe done by the client, make corrections without the therapist

57
Q

baseline data

A

slp tries to elicit the target behaviors multiple times and under multiple conditions, and records the accuracy of the client’s responses

58
Q

treatment plan

A

goals/objectives written, slp selects the best intervention method and logical next steps

59
Q

behavior modification

A

systematic method of changing behavior

60
Q

stimulus

A

a thing/event that evokes a certain reaction/response

61
Q

incidental teaching

A

slp follows the client’s lead but teaches along the way

62
Q

support groups

A

consist of individuals who have similar difficulties provide a place to practice what’s been learned in therapy, share feelings about their disabilities, maintain communication skills once formal treatment has ended.

63
Q

post therapy tests

A

measure the effectiveness/success of treatment

64
Q

booster treatment

A

follows later tests after treatment, if necessary

CSD Vocab (13 decks)

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