CV 1 Flashcards by Anna Pleto

Cardiovascular Stimulatnt

Aminophylline / Theophylline
Glucagon
Calcium salts

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Classify Aminophylline / Theophylline

Methylxanthine Cardiac stimulant

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MOA Aminophylline / Theophylline

Phosphodiesterase inhibiton –> increase cardiac contractility

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Aminophylline / Theophylline main use

Bronchodilation

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Aminophylline / Theophylline other uses

Main use: Bronchodilation

Diuresis

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Aminophylline / Theophylline caution

Hypertension

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Glucagon & CV?

Cardiac Stimulant

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Glucagon MOA

Positive chronotropy & inotropy

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Glucagon DOC?

DOC: Ca Channel blocker toxicity

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Calcium salts & CV?

Cardiac stimulant

cardioprotective

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Calcium Salts TOC?

TOC: emergency tx of hyperkalemia

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What type of drugs are used to treat CHF

Positive Inotropes

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What do we want to decreased when treatment CFH

Want to decresed compensatory sympathetic tone

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List the drugs that can aid in the treatment of CHF

Digoxin (digitalise Glycoside)
Dobutamine (Beta 1 agonist)
Pimobendan (Inodilator Positive inotrope & vasodialtion

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What drug is a digitalis glycoside used to treat CHF

Digoxin

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MOA of Digoxin

Inhibits Na/K/ATPase

Positive inotrope

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Digoxin is the TOC for

Atrial Fibrillation or flutter

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Digoxin

Digitalis Glycoside
Inhibits Na/K/ATPase 
Positive inotrope
TOC: atrial fibrillation or flutter
Adverse --> GI signs 
Narrow safety margin --> can be toxic

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What drug is used to tx atrial fibrillation

Digoxin

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What is the number 1 adverse affects we should worry about with Digoxin

GI signs

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How is the safety margin of Digoxin

Narrow –> careful of toxicity

long half life does not help

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How does Digoxin help CHF

Increased mechanical efficency of failing heart
Potent positive ionotrope
Negative chronotroe
Negative dromotropy

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What does negative chronotrope mean?

makes the heart beat slower

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What does positive iontrope mean?

Makes the heart beat harder aka more effiecent

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What drug is a negative chronotrope & a positive inotrope?

Digoxin

What bea 1 agonist can help CHF

Dobutamine

How common is beta 1 agonist used for CHF aka Dobutamine

Not common

What is dobutamine used for with CHF

Beta 1 agonist | catecholamine used for severe CHF due to mycardial failure

What drug is used as a catecholamine for CHF due to myocardial failure

Dobutamine

What is the MOA of Dobutamine

Beta 1 agonist

What is the inodilator drug used to aid CFH

Pimobendan

Pimobendan MOA

Inodilator drug aka positive iontrope vasodilation

What is the mechanism of Pimobendan positve inotrophic effects?

sesitize myocardail contractile apparatus to Ca | Allows for positive inotrophic effects

What is the mechanism of Pimobendan vasodialtion

phosphodiesterase III inhibitor | Allows for vasodilation

What is the TOC for CHF

Pimobendan

TOC for dilation cardiomyopathy & myxomatous mitral valvuar disease

Pimodendan

TOC for myxomatous mitral valvuar disease

Pimodeban

TOC: dilation cardiomyopathy

Pimodeban

Cautions with Pimodendan

GI signs

Pimodendan contraindcation with

Aortic stenosis | Poor cardiac output

How does Pimodendan affect cardiac preoload & after load

Reduction of cardiac proload & afterload via Pimodendan

Since Pimodendan is a positive iontrope by sensitizing myocardial fibers to Ca....how does this affect iCa

DOES NOT INCREASE ICA

How is Pimodedan excreted?

Feces

What does it mean to be an anticoagulant

inhibit formation of blood clots

What are the anticoagulants

Heparin Sodium Dalteparin (Low Molecular weight Heparins) Enoxaprin Warfarin Sodium

What anticoagulant prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Heparin Sodium

If you use Heparin Sodium... do you need to monitor?

Yes, monitor with PTT

What anticogaulent tx thromboembolic dz

Dalteparin | Enoxaparin

Long term thromboembolic dz

Warfin Sodium

MOA of Dalteparin

Binds antithrombin 3 --> inactivating Xa

MOA Enoxaprin

Binds antithrombin 3 --> inactivating Xa

How does Dalteparin impact the PTT

it doesnt!!!

How does Enoxaprin impact the PTT

it doesnt!!!

How does Heparin Sodium impact the PTT

Prolonged!!! need to monitor

What is an indirect anticoagulant

Warfarin Sodium

MOA of Warfarin Sodium

Inhibit enzyme VItamin K epoxide reductase interfering with coag factor synthesis X, IX, VII, II

What do hemostatic agents do?

support blood clotting .... prescribe for bleeding disorders that would suck to have one...damn

DOC for bleeding disorder with Vit K def

Vitamin K1. | duhhhh

Vitamin K1 MOA

Needed for synthesis for vit K depednent coag factors so blood clotting can occur

Vitamin K1 is used to treat

VItamin K dependent bleeding disorders

DOC for heparin overdose?

Protamine Sulfate | Ouch

Protamine Sulfate MOA

Complex with heparin to inactive it

Protamine sulfate is used to tx

DOC for hemorrage secondary to heparin overdose

What is the antifibrinolytic hemostatic agent?

Aminocaproic acid

Which hemostatic agent inhibits fibrinolysis

Aminocaproic acid

TX hyerfibrinlysis

Aminocaproic acid

Aminocaproic Acid

Antifibrinolytic MOA: inhibits fibrinolysis TX hyperfibrinolysis

What hemostatic agent is also a hormonal agent

Desmopressin Acetate

What are the hemostatic agents

Vitamin K1 Protamine Sulfate Aminnocaproic Acid Desmopressin Acetate

What hemostatic agent supports primary hemostatsis

Desmopressin acetate

DOC for vonWillebrand's Disease

Desmopressin Acetate

DOC for central disbetes insipidus

Desmopressin acetate

MOA for desmopressin

Supports primary hemostasis by PLT function | dose dependent increase in plasma factor VIII & plasminogen factor

Desmopresin tx

DOC vonwillebrand disease | DOC Central diabetes insipidus

What is the funtion of an antithombic agent

inhibits platlet aggregation aka blood thinner

What are the antithrombic agents

Asprin | Clopidogrel bisulfate

MOA of asprin

reduces PLT clumping via | inhibiting synthesis of thromboxane A2

Cats & asprin

rather not moment | Long half life

What antithombic agent works by inhibiting synthesis of thromboxane A2

Asprin

What antithrombic agent works by inhibiting ADP recptors on PLT

Clopidogrel Bisulfate that doesnt even look like a real word wtf

Clopidogrel Bisulfate MOA

reduces PLT clumping via inhibiting ADP receptor on PLT

What antithrombitc agent would be okay if an animal was on an NSAID

Clopidogrel bisulfate

What does a thrombolytic agent do

breaks down all blood clots in body | pretty risky ... hemorrhage

What are the thmbolytic agents

Streptokinase Urokinase Tissue plasmingen activator (t-PA)

MOA of thrombolytic agents

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

MOA of Streptokinase

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

MOA or Urokinase

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

MOA of Tissue PLasminogen Activator

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

CV 1 Flashcards

Cardiac Stimulants CHF TX (88 cards)