Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Kin 187 > CV System > Flashcards

CV System Flashcards

1
Q

What is diastole

A

Relaxation phase during which the ventricles fill with blood

AV value opens

Aortic and pulmonic valves closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is systole

A

Contraction phase during which the ventricles expel blood

AV valves closed

Aortic and pulmonic valves open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Intrinsic control of the heart is made up of what parts

A

Autorhythmaticity

SA node

AV node

Purkinje fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens in autorhythmaticity

A

This is the ability to initiate impulse for contraction at regular intervals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SA node is

A

The pacemaker of cardiac contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

AV node does what

A

Delays impulse by 1/10 second allowing atria to contract before ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do Purkinje fibers do

A

Rapidly spreads impulse to contract throughout ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does ECG measure

A

Records the electrical activity of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the ECG measurement broken up into

A

P wave
QRS complex
T wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the P wave

A

Atrial depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the QRS complex

A

Ventricular depolarisation and atrial repolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the T wave

A

Ventricular repolarsation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ECG abnormailites may indicate what

A

Coronary heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can indicate myocardial ischemia on an ECG

A

ST segment depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does intraventicular pressure rise during PQRST

What causes this pressure increase

A

From R to S

Ventricles contracting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does intraventricular pressure fall during PQRST

What causes this pressure decrease

A

T wave

Ventricles relaxing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When does the AV valves close

When do the semilunar valves close

A

When ventricles contract

When blood has just left the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

During Diastole:

Pressure is…
Blood is…

A

Pressure in ventricles is low

Ventricles filling with blood from atria

AV valves open when ventricular pressure < atrial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

During Systole:

Pressure is….
Blood is…

A

Pressure in ventricle rises

Blood ejected in pulmonary and systemic circulation

Semilunar valves open when ventricular pressure > aortic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many heart sounds are there

When are they

A

2 sounds

1st: Closing of AV valves
2nd: Closing of aortic and pulmonary valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is cardiac output equation

A

Q = HR x SV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Heart rate is controlled both

A

Intrinsically

Extrinsically

23
Q

Stroke volume is controlled by

A

End Diastolic volume (EDV)

Afterload

Contractility

24
Q

How is heart rate extrinsically controlled

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system

Parasympathetic tone

Onset of exericse

25
How does the parasympathetic nervous system control heart rate
Via the vagus nerve Slows HR by inhibiting SA AND AV node
26
How does the sympathetic nervous system control heart rate
Via cardiac accelerator nerves Increases HR by stimulating SA and AV node
27
Low resting heart rate is due to
Parasympathetic tone
28
What is the reason for an increase in HR on the onset of exercise
Initial increase due to parasympathetic withdrawal - up to 100 beats/per Later increase is due to increased SNS stimulation
29
End diastolic volume is
The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole (preload)
30
Aortic blood pressure is
The pressure the heart must pump against to eject blood (afterload) Mean arterial pressure
31
Contractility refers to Is enhanced by
Strength of the ventricular contraction Circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine Direct sympathetic stimulation of heart
32
Regulation of stroke volume via end diastolic volume is dependent on
Frank starling mechanism Venous return
33
What is frank starlings mechanism
Greater EDV results in a more forceful contraction due to stretch of ventricles
34
Venous return is increased by
Venoconstriction via SNS Skeletal muscle pump Respiratory pump
35
The skeletal pump is What prevents back flow
Rhythmic skeletal muscle contractions force blood in the extremities towards the heart One way valves in veins
36
The respiratory pump is
Changes in thoracic pressure pull blood toward heart
37
As stroke volume increases so does
End diastolic volume
38
When is the increase in stroke volume/end diastolic volume due to increased venous return
100ml SV 200ml EDV Intercept
39
What is afterload
The tension developed in the wall of the left ventricle during ejection
40
What does a high afterload result in Why
Decrease stroke volume Because it requires greater force generation by myocardium to eject blood into the aorta
41
Afterload is represented by a decrease in ______
Stroke
42
What results in a higher stroke volume
Increased contractility Circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine DIrect sympathetic stimulation of the heart
43
An increase in EDV and Contractility and a decrease in Afterload results in
Higher Cardiac output and SV HR remains the same Q = HR x SV
44
What are the factors that influence arterial blood pressure
Determinants of mean arterial pressure Short term regulation Long term regulation
45
What are the determinants of MAP
Cardiac output Total vascular resistance ABP = Q x TPR
46
Short term regulation of arterial blood pressure involves
Sympathetic nervous system to heart and vasculature Baroreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries
47
Baroreceptors detect changes in
Blood pressure
48
Baroreceptors cause ________ when blood pressure increases
Decreased SNS BP normalises
49
Baroreceptors cause ________ when blood pressure decreases
Increased SNS BP normalises
50
Long term regulation of arterial blood pressure is due to
The kidneys Via control of blood volume
51
What regulates total peripheral resistance
Vasodilation Vasoconstriction
52
Vasodilation causes It can be initiated by
Decreased resistance Decreased Blood pressure Nitric oxide
53
Vasoconstriction causes
Increased resistance Increased BP

Kin 187 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions