CV1

Question 1

as distance increases, what happens to the diffusion of blood

Answer 1

it goes down

Question 2

whats the primary role of the cardiovascular system

Answer 2

the distribution of dissolved gases and other molecules for. nutrition, growth and repair, while also removing cellular waste

Question 3

what are the three basic functional parts of the circulatory system

Answer 3

heart
blood
vessels

Question 4

what are the secondary roles of the circulatory system (3)

Answer 4

• chemical signalling
• dissipation of heat
• mediation of inflammatory responses

Question 5

what are the three types of circulation in the circulatory system

Answer 5

materials entering the body
materials moved from cell to cell
materials leaving the body

Question 6

what materials enter the body in the circulatory system

Answer 6

oxygen
nutrients
water

Question 7

what materials are moved from cell to cell in the circulatory system

Answer 7

wastes
immune cells
hormones
stored nutrients

Question 8

what materials leave the body in the circulatory system

Answer 8

metabolic wastes
heat
carbon dioxide

Question 9

what are the two circuits of the heart

Answer 9

pulmonary circuit
systemic circuit

Question 10

what does the pulmonary circuit do? what is it powered by?

Answer 10

carries deoxygenated blood through the lungs to pick up O2

it is powered by the right ventricle

Question 11

that does the systemic system do?
what is it powered by?

Answer 11

carries oxygenated blood all around the body

it is powered by the left ventricle

Question 12

what carries blood away from the heart?

Answer 12

arteries

Question 13

what carries blood back tho the heart?

Answer 13

veins

Question 14

what are the smallest vessels where transport takes place?

Answer 14

capillaries

Question 15

what ensures that blood flows in one direction?

Answer 15

system of valves

Question 16

what is unique about the digestive tract/liver portal system and the kidney portal system?

Answer 16

they have two capillary beds in series
(usually it goes artery, capillary, vein)

Question 17

whats the main outflow artery of the systemic circuit

Answer 17

aorta

Question 18

whats the “end” of the pulmonary cycle

Answer 18

left atrium

Question 19

whats the “end” of the systemic circuit

Answer 19

right atrium

Question 20

what side of the heart has oxygenated blood

Answer 20

left

Question 21

what side of the heart has deoxygenated blood

Answer 21

right

Question 22

whats the main outflow pump of the pulmonary circuit

Answer 22

right ventricle

Question 23

whats the inter ventricular/ interatrial septum?

Answer 23

the muscle that separates the two sides of the heart

Question 24

whats the main outflow pump for the systemic circuit

Answer 24

left ventricle

Question 25

whats the main outflow artery for the pulmonary circuit

Answer 25

pulmonary trunk (artery)

Question 26

how does blood flow

Answer 26

pressure gradients

Question 27

what creates a pressure gradient

Answer 27

contraction of the ventricles

Question 28

why would a pressure gradient get lower

Answer 28

friction

Question 29

where is the highest pressure in the cardiovascular system, what about the lowest? (systemic circuit)

Answer 29

highest - aorta lowest - venas cava

Question 30

what makes blood flow

Answer 30

pressure gradient

Question 31

when does blood flow into the ventricle

Answer 31

when it is relaxed

Question 31

what causes the pressure gradient

Answer 31

contraction of the ventricle

Question 32

the flow of blood in a tube is ___________ to the pressure gradient at each end of the tube

Answer 32

directly proportional

Question 33

what does fluid flow through a tube depend on

Answer 33

the pressure gradient (the difference between the two numbers, not how large the numbers are)