CVS Exam 5 Final List Flashcards
(162 cards)
1
Q
Lipids in Heart DiseaseDescription
A
High cholesterol contributes to atherosclerosis
2
Q
Ischaemic Heart DiseaseDescription
A
Reduced blood flow to heart muscle
3
Q
Myocardial IschaemiaDescription
A
Inadequate oxygen to heart muscle
4
Q
Embryological Development of the HeartDescription
A
Formation of heart during fetal life
5
Q
Left to Right ShuntDescription
A
Blood flows from high-pressure left to right side
6
Q
Right to Left ShuntDescription
A
Deoxygenated blood bypasses lungs
7
Q
Congenital Heart DiseaseDescription
A
Structural heart defects from birth
8
Q
EndocarditisDescription
A
Infection of heart valves
9
Q
MyocarditisDescription
A
Inflammation of heart muscle
10
Q
Acute PericarditisDescription
A
Inflammation of pericardial sac
11
Q
Rheumatic Fever (RF)Description
A
Autoimmune reaction after strep throat
12
Q
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)Description
A
Valve damage from RF
13
Q
MyxomaDescription
A
Benign heart tumor (usually LA)
14
Q
Dilated CardiomyopathyDescription
A
Enlarged
15
Q
Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyDescription
A
Thickened myocardium (often septum)
16
Q
Restrictive CardiomyopathyDescription
A
Stiff ventricles
17
Q
ARVCDescription
A
Fibrofatty RV replacement
18
Q
Pericardial EffusionDescription
A
Fluid in pericardial sac
19
Q
Cardiac TamponadeDescription
A
Compression of heart by fluid
20
Q
Constrictive PericarditisDescription
A
Thickened pericardium restricts filling
21
Q
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)Description
A
Narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to limbs
22
Q
Aortic Dissection (AD)Description
A
Tear in aortic wall creates false lumen
23
Q
Aortic AneurysmDescription
A
Bulging of aortic wall
24
Q
Varicose VeinsDescription
A
Dilated superficial veins
25
DVTDescription
Clot in deep vein (usually leg)
26
Chronic Venous InsufficiencyDescription
Poor venous return due to valve failure
27
VasculitisDescription
Inflammation of blood vessels
28
Lipids in Heart DiseaseDiagnosis
Lipid profile (LDL
29
Ischaemic Heart DiseaseDiagnosis
ECG
30
Myocardial IschaemiaDiagnosis
ECG
31
Embryological Development of the HeartDiagnosis
Prenatal ultrasound
32
Left to Right ShuntDiagnosis
Echo with Doppler
33
Right to Left ShuntDiagnosis
Echo
34
Congenital Heart DiseaseDiagnosis
Echo
35
EndocarditisDiagnosis
Blood cultures
36
MyocarditisDiagnosis
ECG
37
Acute PericarditisDiagnosis
ECG (diffuse ST ↑)
38
Rheumatic Fever (RF)Diagnosis
Jones criteria
39
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)Diagnosis
Echo
40
MyxomaDiagnosis
Echo
41
Dilated CardiomyopathyDiagnosis
Echo
42
Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyDiagnosis
Echo
43
Restrictive CardiomyopathyDiagnosis
Echo
44
ARVCDiagnosis
ECG
45
Pericardial EffusionDiagnosis
Echo
46
Cardiac TamponadeDiagnosis
Echo
47
Constrictive PericarditisDiagnosis
Echo
48
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)Diagnosis
Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
49
Aortic Dissection (AD)Diagnosis
CT angiography
50
Aortic AneurysmDiagnosis
US (AAA)
51
Varicose VeinsDiagnosis
Clinical exam
52
DVTDiagnosis
Doppler US
53
Chronic Venous InsufficiencyDiagnosis
Duplex US
54
VasculitisDiagnosis
ESR
55
Lipids in Heart DiseaseRisks
Smoking
56
Ischaemic Heart DiseaseRisks
HTN
57
Myocardial IschaemiaRisks
Atherosclerosis
58
Embryological Development of the HeartRisks
Genetic syndromes
59
Left to Right ShuntRisks
Congenital defects
60
Right to Left ShuntRisks
Cyanotic heart disease
61
Congenital Heart DiseaseRisks
Genetic syndromes
62
EndocarditisRisks
IV drug use
63
MyocarditisRisks
Viral infections
64
Acute PericarditisRisks
Viral
65
Rheumatic Fever (RF)Risks
Untreated strep
66
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)Risks
Recurrent RF
67
MyxomaRisks
Genetic (Carney complex)
68
Dilated CardiomyopathyRisks
Alcohol
69
Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyRisks
Genetic (AD)
70
Restrictive CardiomyopathyRisks
Amyloidosis
71
ARVCRisks
Genetic (desmosomal)
72
Pericardial EffusionRisks
Pericarditis
73
Cardiac TamponadeRisks
Trauma
74
Constrictive PericarditisRisks
TB
75
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)Risks
Smoking
76
Aortic Dissection (AD)Risks
HTN
77
Aortic AneurysmRisks
Smoking
78
Varicose VeinsRisks
Age
79
DVTRisks
Immobility
80
Chronic Venous InsufficiencyRisks
DVT
81
VasculitisRisks
Autoimmune
82
Lipids in Heart DiseaseComplications
Heart attack
83
Ischaemic Heart DiseaseComplications
MI
84
Myocardial IschaemiaComplications
MI
85
Embryological Development of the HeartComplications
Congenital defects
86
Left to Right ShuntComplications
Pulmonary HTN
87
Right to Left ShuntComplications
Hypoxia
88
Congenital Heart DiseaseComplications
HF
89
EndocarditisComplications
Valve damage
90
MyocarditisComplications
HF
91
Acute PericarditisComplications
Tamponade
92
Rheumatic Fever (RF)Complications
Rheumatic heart disease
93
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)Complications
Valve stenosis/regurgitation
94
MyxomaComplications
Embolism
95
Dilated CardiomyopathyComplications
HF
96
Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyComplications
Sudden death
97
Restrictive CardiomyopathyComplications
HFpEF
98
ARVCComplications
VT
99
Pericardial EffusionComplications
Tamponade
100
Cardiac TamponadeComplications
Shock
101
Constrictive PericarditisComplications
HF
102
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)Complications
Ulcers
103
Aortic Dissection (AD)Complications
Rupture
104
Aortic AneurysmComplications
Rupture
105
Varicose VeinsComplications
Ulcers
106
DVTComplications
PE
107
Chronic Venous InsufficiencyComplications
Ulcers
108
VasculitisComplications
Organ damage
109
Lipids in Heart DiseaseSigns & Symptoms
Often silent
110
Ischaemic Heart DiseaseSigns & Symptoms
Chest pain
111
Myocardial IschaemiaSigns & Symptoms
Angina
112
Embryological Development of the HeartSigns & Symptoms
Cyanosis
113
Left to Right ShuntSigns & Symptoms
Murmur
114
Right to Left ShuntSigns & Symptoms
Cyanosis
115
Congenital Heart DiseaseSigns & Symptoms
Murmur
116
EndocarditisSigns & Symptoms
Fever
117
MyocarditisSigns & Symptoms
Chest pain
118
Acute PericarditisSigns & Symptoms
Sharp chest pain
119
Rheumatic Fever (RF)Signs & Symptoms
Fever
120
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)Signs & Symptoms
Murmur
121
MyxomaSigns & Symptoms
Syncope
122
Dilated CardiomyopathySigns & Symptoms
Fatigue
123
Hypertrophic CardiomyopathySigns & Symptoms
Syncope
124
Restrictive CardiomyopathySigns & Symptoms
Dyspnea
125
ARVCSigns & Symptoms
Palpitations
126
Pericardial EffusionSigns & Symptoms
Muffled heart sounds
127
Cardiac TamponadeSigns & Symptoms
Hypotension
128
Constrictive PericarditisSigns & Symptoms
Kussmaul’s sign
129
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)Signs & Symptoms
Leg pain with walking (claudication)
130
Aortic Dissection (AD)Signs & Symptoms
Sudden tearing chest/back pain
131
Aortic AneurysmSigns & Symptoms
Often silent; pulsatile mass
132
Varicose VeinsSigns & Symptoms
Visible veins
133
DVTSigns & Symptoms
Swelling
134
Chronic Venous InsufficiencySigns & Symptoms
Leg swelling
135
VasculitisSigns & Symptoms
Fever
136
Lipids in Heart DiseaseTreatment
Statins
137
Ischaemic Heart DiseaseTreatment
Nitrates
138
Myocardial IschaemiaTreatment
Oxygen
139
Embryological Development of the HeartTreatment
Surgical correction (if defect present)
140
Left to Right ShuntTreatment
Surgery or device closure
141
Right to Left ShuntTreatment
Surgery
142
Congenital Heart DiseaseTreatment
Surgery
143
EndocarditisTreatment
IV antibiotics
144
MyocarditisTreatment
Supportive
145
Acute PericarditisTreatment
NSAIDs
146
Rheumatic Fever (RF)Treatment
Penicillin
147
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)Treatment
Valve repair/replacement
148
MyxomaTreatment
Surgical excision
149
Dilated CardiomyopathyTreatment
ACEi
150
Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyTreatment
Beta-blockers
151
Restrictive CardiomyopathyTreatment
Treat cause
152
ARVCTreatment
ICD
153
Pericardial EffusionTreatment
Pericardiocentesis
154
Cardiac TamponadeTreatment
Emergency pericardiocentesis
155
Constrictive PericarditisTreatment
Pericardiectomy
156
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)Treatment
Exercise
157
Aortic Dissection (AD)Treatment
Type A: surgery; Type B: BP control
158
Aortic AneurysmTreatment
Monitor if small; surgery if large/symptomatic
159
Varicose VeinsTreatment
Compression
160
DVTTreatment
Anticoagulation
161
Chronic Venous InsufficiencyTreatment
Compression
162
VasculitisTreatment
Steroids
