CVS - Rest

Question 1

heart rate (HR)

Answer 1

no. of times heart beats per min

Question 2

average person HR at rest

Answer 2

72 bpm

Question 3

trained athlete HR at rest (aerobic)

Answer 3

50 bpm

Question 4

average person HR during exercise

Answer 4

max HR = 220 - age

Question 5

trained athlete HR during exercise

Answer 5

max HR = 220 - age

Question 6

stroke volume (SV)

Answer 6

vol of blood leaving left ventricle per beat

Question 7

stroke volume ______ when we exercise

Answer 7

increases

Question 8

why does SV increase when exercise (2)

Answer 8

• heart is muscle, when warms up it expands - can hold more blood in left ventricle
• when heart warms up, becomes more elastic - can contract with more force

Question 9

average person SV at rest

Answer 9

70ml

Question 10

trained athlete SV at rest

Answer 10

100ml

Question 11

average person SV exercise (maximum exercise)

Answer 11

100-120ml

Question 12

trained athlete SV exercise (maximum exercise)

Answer 12

160-200ml

Question 13

cardiac output (CO)

Answer 13

vol of blood pumped out of left ventricle in 1 min

Question 14

CO equation

Answer 14

CO = SV x HR

Question 15

during exercise CO _______

Answer 15

increases

Question 16

heart becomes ________ ________ when it warms up

Answer 16

more elastic

Question 17

when warmed up the heart can ______ _______ ______ & ______ ______ _____ ______

Answer 17

• hold more blood
• contract with more force

Question 18

average person CO at rest

Answer 18

5L

Question 19

trained athlete CO at rest

Answer 19

5L

Question 20

average person CO exercise

Answer 20

20-30 Litres per min

Question 21

trained athlete CO exercise

Answer 21

30-40 litres per min

Question 22

venus return

Answer 22

vol of deoxygenated blood returning to heart

Question 23

Venus return _____ during exercise

Answer 23

increases

Question 24

end-diastolic volume

Answer 24

vol of blood held in heart just before it beats

Question 25

if Venus return increases, ______ ______ will _______

Answer 25

- end-diastolic volume - increase

Question 26

if end-diastolic volume increases, _______ ______ will ______

Answer 26

- SV - increase

Question 27

if stroke volume increases, _______ ______ will ______

Answer 27

- CO - increase

Question 28

cardiac cycle

Answer 28

mechanical events of 1 heart beat

Question 29

explain : heart is myogenic

Answer 29

beats automatically - heart generates own electrical impulse

Question 30

conduction system of heart: 1) ___ _______ sends __________ ________ 2) ________ contract 3) _________ goes to ____ _________ 4) ________ goes down ________ ____ _____ 5) ________ goes into ___________ _______ 6) ___________ contract 7) ________ leaves ____________

Answer 30

1) SA Node sends electronic stimulus 2) atria contract 3) stimulus goes to AV Node 4) stimulus goes down bundle of his 5) stimulus goes into purkinje fibres 6) ventricles contract 7) blood leaves ventricles

Question 31

what two phases make up the heart beat

Answer 31

- diastole - systole

Question 32

how long does diastole last

Answer 32

0.5 seconds

Question 33

what phase is diastole

Answer 33

relaxation phase

Question 34

how long does systole last

Answer 34

0.3 seconds

Question 35

what phase is systole

Answer 35

contraction phase

Question 36

how long does one complete cardiac cycle take

Answer 36

0.8 seconds

Question 37

what happens during diastole

Answer 37

both atria fill with blood

Question 38

what happens during systole

Answer 38

both atria contract - forcing remaining atrial blood into ventricles

Question 39

name the 2 double circulatory systems

Answer 39

- systemic system - pulmonary system

Question 40

what side is systemic system

Answer 40

left

Question 41

what side is pulmonary system

Answer 41

right

Question 42

where does systemic system go to

Answer 42

cells of body

Question 43

where does pulmonary system go to

Answer 43

lungs

Question 44

Systemic system: oxygenated blood 1) ______ leaves _____ ________ 2) goes into ______ & ________ 3) then into _________ 4) then into ________ --> _______ _________ occurs 5) in _________ _________ de-oxygenated blood 6) goes back into _________ 7) then into _______ 8) then into _______ ______ end of systemic system 9) then ______ _________ 10) then ____________ _________ 11) then into ______

Answer 44

oxygenated blood 1) blood leaves left ventricle 2) goes into aorta & arteries 3) then into arterioles 4) then into capillaries --> gaseous exchange occurs 5) in working muscles de-oxygenated blood 6) goes back into venules 7) then into veins 8) then into right atrium end of systemic system 9) then right ventricle 10) then pulmonary artery 11) then into lungs

Question 45

pulmonary system: 1) ______ leaves _____ ________ 2) goes into ____________ _________ 3) then into _______ 4) then into ____________ _________ 5) to the _____ ________

Answer 45

1) blood leaves right ventricle 2) goes into pulmonary artery 3) then into lungs 4) then into pulmonary vein 5) to the left atrium

Question 46

__________ blood goes from heart to _______

Answer 46

- oxygenated - arteries

Question 47

arteries go to

Answer 47

arterioles

Question 48

arterioles go to

Answer 48

capillaries

Question 49

capillaries go to

Answer 49

venules

Question 50

venules go to

Answer 50

veins

Question 51

____________ blood goes from ______ to heart

Answer 51

- de-oxygenated - veins

Question 52

gaseous exchange occurs where

Answer 52

capillaries

Question 53

blood always leaves the _________

Answer 53

ventricles

Question 54

blood always enters heart via _________

Answer 54

atrium

Question 55

_______ ventricle has a thicker muscle wall

Answer 55

left

Question 56

oxygenated blood enters heart via ___________ ______ to ______ __________

Answer 56

- pulmonary vein - left ventricle

Question 57

oxygenated blood leaves the heart from ______ __________ to go through _______ to _________ ________

Answer 57

- left ventricle - aorta - working muscles

Question 58

de-oxygenated blood enters heart via ______ ______ to ______ __________

Answer 58

- vena cava - right atrium

Question 59

de-oxygenated blood leaves the heart from ______ __________ to go through _______ to _______

Answer 59

- right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs