Cyclicity

Question 1

The events that occur between periods of sexual receptivity are called?

Answer 1

Estrous

Question 2

The actual period of sexual receptivity is?

Answer 2

Estrus

Question 3

What event is considered day 0 or day 21?

Answer 3

Estrus

Question 4

What are the 3 types of estrous cycles?

Answer 4

Polyestrous, seasonally polyestrous, and monoestrous

Question 5

Cattle and swine have this type of estrous

Answer 5

Polyestrous

Question 6

Which estrous is characterized by clusters diving the year of cycles?

Answer 6

Seasonal polyestrous

Question 7

Monoestrous means that animals cycle how many times a year?

Answer 7

One

Question 8

Which hormone indicates sexual receptivity?

Answer 8

E2

Question 9

What are the 2 main phases of estrous?

Answer 9

Follicular and luteal

Question 10

Which hormone is in dominance during the follicular phase?

Answer 10

E2

Question 11

What is happening in the follicular phase?

Answer 11

Sexual receptivity, elevated GnRH, ovulation

Question 12

What 2 phases make up the follicular phase?

Answer 12

Proestrus and estrus

Question 13

Proestrus begins with what ?

Answer 13

With luteolysis and a decline in P4

Question 14

An increase in estradiol and decrease in progesterone means what occurs in proestrus?

Answer 14

A major hormonal shift

Question 15

What are some behavioral signs of estrus?

Answer 15

Cordons, increased vocalization, increased movement

Question 16

Which hormone reaches its peak at estrus?

Answer 16

Estradiol

Question 17

The phase where progesterone is dominant, follicles are growing and the body is preparing the reproductive tract for pregnant or cyclicity?

Answer 17

Luteal phase

Question 18

Which 2 phases are part of the luteal phase?

Answer 18

Metestrus and diestrus

Question 19

The period between ovulation and the formation of a functioning cl is called?

Answer 19

Metestrus

Question 20

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 20

Progesterone

Question 21

What does progesterone cause?

Answer 21

A negative feedback to GnRH

Question 22

What characteristic of hormone levels is special to metestrus?

Answer 22

Both e2 and p4 are low early on

Question 23

What is the period of maximal luteal function?

Answer 23

Diestrus

Question 24

Why is progesterone high in diestrus?

Answer 24

Because there is a functioning CL

Question 25

What does diestrus end with?

Answer 25

Luteolysis

Question 26

What are some factors that explain anestrous?

Answer 26

Pregnancy, lactation, stress, illness, body condition

Question 27

The estrous cycles of the bitch has how many phases?

Answer 27

4: anestrus, presorts, estrus, diestrus (no metestrus)

Question 28

What is happening in anestrus?

Answer 28

FSH is basal, progesterone is low, and LH surges but not enough to engage the surge center

Question 29

How long is proestrus?

Answer 29

9 days

Question 30

In estrus, how long does it take the bitch to ovulate after standing heat?

Answer 30

3 days

Question 31

Fertilization occurs how many days after ovulation?

Answer 31

3 days

Question 32

Which phase is characterized by a peak in P4 after 15 days and not being affected by pregnancy?

Answer 32

Diestrus

Question 33

What may happen during diestrus that is more prevalent in canines?

Answer 33

Pseudopregnancy

Question 34

When multiple oocytes can be fertilize by diff males' spermatozoa, it is considered?

Answer 34

Superfecundation

Question 35

Queens are what type of ovulators?

Answer 35

Induced

Question 36

What is the additional phase in the estrous cycle of the queen that's after ovulation but before copulation?

Answer 36

Postestrus

Question 37

What is constant in postestrus?

Answer 37

Follicular phase

Question 38

How long is postestrus?

Answer 38

8 days

Question 39

Before postestrus, what phase comes in the queen?

Answer 39

Estrus

Question 40

What does copulation cause in queens?

Answer 40

An LH surge

Question 41

Do queens go through lactation anestrus?

Answer 41

No

Question 42

What is the gestation length in queens?

Answer 42

63 days

Question 43

Why is there no negative feedback in the queens estrus?

Answer 43

Because there is no corpus luteum to produce progesterone

Question 44

What are the hormone levels in queen's postestrus?

Answer 44

Low estradiol and progesterone

Question 45

Some species that are induced ovulators:

Answer 45

Alpacas, llamas, queens

Question 46

During anestrus, which hormones drives the negative feedback?

Answer 46

progesterone

Question 47

What are the 4 causes of anestrus?

Answer 47

Lactation, season, instinct, negative energy balance/nutrition, disease

Question 48

In seasonal anestrus, what needs to occur to ovulate?

Answer 48

Progesterone and sensitivity to estradiol

Question 49

What hormone does calf suckling stimulates a surge in?

Answer 49

Lh

Question 50

What are some species that experience lactational anestrus?

Answer 50

SowS

Question 51

Which species have no lactational anestrus?

Answer 51

Mares, dairy cattle, alpacas