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ANS 331 > Cyclicity > Flashcards

Cyclicity Flashcards

1
Q

The events that occur between periods of sexual receptivity are called?

A

Estrous

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2
Q

The actual period of sexual receptivity is?

A

Estrus

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3
Q

What event is considered day 0 or day 21?

A

Estrus

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4
Q

What are the 3 types of estrous cycles?

A

Polyestrous, seasonally polyestrous, and monoestrous

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5
Q

Cattle and swine have this type of estrous

A

Polyestrous

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6
Q

Which estrous is characterized by clusters diving the year of cycles?

A

Seasonal polyestrous

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7
Q

Monoestrous means that animals cycle how many times a year?

A

One

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8
Q

Which hormone indicates sexual receptivity?

A

E2

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9
Q

What are the 2 main phases of estrous?

A

Follicular and luteal

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10
Q

Which hormone is in dominance during the follicular phase?

A

E2

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11
Q

What is happening in the follicular phase?

A

Sexual receptivity, elevated GnRH, ovulation

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12
Q

What 2 phases make up the follicular phase?

A

Proestrus and estrus

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13
Q

Proestrus begins with what ?

A

With luteolysis and a decline in P4

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14
Q

An increase in estradiol and decrease in progesterone means what occurs in proestrus?

A

A major hormonal shift

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15
Q

What are some behavioral signs of estrus?

A

Cordons, increased vocalization, increased movement

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16
Q

Which hormone reaches its peak at estrus?

A

Estradiol

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17
Q

The phase where progesterone is dominant, follicles are growing and the body is preparing the reproductive tract for pregnant or cyclicity?

A

Luteal phase

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18
Q

Which 2 phases are part of the luteal phase?

A

Metestrus and diestrus

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19
Q

The period between ovulation and the formation of a functioning cl is called?

A

Metestrus

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20
Q

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

Progesterone

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21
Q

What does progesterone cause?

A

A negative feedback to GnRH

22
Q

What characteristic of hormone levels is special to metestrus?

A

Both e2 and p4 are low early on

23
Q

What is the period of maximal luteal function?

A

Diestrus

24
Q

Why is progesterone high in diestrus?

A

Because there is a functioning CL

25
Q

What does diestrus end with?

A

Luteolysis

26
Q

What are some factors that explain anestrous?

A

Pregnancy, lactation, stress, illness, body condition

27
Q

The estrous cycles of the bitch has how many phases?

A

4: anestrus, presorts, estrus, diestrus (no metestrus)

28
Q

What is happening in anestrus?

A

FSH is basal, progesterone is low, and LH surges but not enough to engage the surge center

29
Q

How long is proestrus?

A

9 days

30
Q

In estrus, how long does it take the bitch to ovulate after standing heat?

A

3 days

31
Q

Fertilization occurs how many days after ovulation?

A

3 days

32
Q

Which phase is characterized by a peak in P4 after 15 days and not being affected by pregnancy?

A

Diestrus

33
Q

What may happen during diestrus that is more prevalent in canines?

A

Pseudopregnancy

34
Q

When multiple oocytes can be fertilize by diff males’ spermatozoa, it is considered?

A

Superfecundation

35
Q

Queens are what type of ovulators?

A

Induced

36
Q

What is the additional phase in the estrous cycle of the queen that’s after ovulation but before copulation?

A

Postestrus

37
Q

What is constant in postestrus?

A

Follicular phase

38
Q

How long is postestrus?

A

8 days

39
Q

Before postestrus, what phase comes in the queen?

A

Estrus

40
Q

What does copulation cause in queens?

A

An LH surge

41
Q

Do queens go through lactation anestrus?

A

No

42
Q

What is the gestation length in queens?

A

63 days

43
Q

Why is there no negative feedback in the queens estrus?

A

Because there is no corpus luteum to produce progesterone

44
Q

What are the hormone levels in queen’s postestrus?

A

Low estradiol and progesterone

45
Q

Some species that are induced ovulators:

A

Alpacas, llamas, queens

46
Q

During anestrus, which hormones drives the negative feedback?

A

progesterone

47
Q

What are the 4 causes of anestrus?

A

Lactation, season, instinct, negative energy balance/nutrition, disease

48
Q

In seasonal anestrus, what needs to occur to ovulate?

A

Progesterone and sensitivity to estradiol

49
Q

What hormone does calf suckling stimulates a surge in?

A

Lh

50
Q

What are some species that experience lactational anestrus?

A

SowS

51
Q

Which species have no lactational anestrus?

A

Mares, dairy cattle, alpacas

ANS 331 (12 decks)

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