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ANS 331 > Female Repro Tract > Flashcards

Female Repro Tract Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

The goal of reproduction is?

A

Self-replacement

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2
Q

Reproduction is an efficient process?

A

No

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3
Q

What are the 3 major structures of the female Repro tract?

A

Ovaries, oviducts, uterus

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4
Q

The ovary contains what that is fixed at birth?

A

Oocytes

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5
Q

What’s the fate of most egg and sperm cells?

A

Death

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6
Q

The ovary is in a constant state of what?

A

Change

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7
Q

The oocytes are contained within what?

A

Follicles

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8
Q

Where does the oocyte go first after ovulation?

A

Infundibulum

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9
Q

Where is the fertilization site?

A

In the ampullary- isthmus junction

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10
Q

Post ovulation, the oocyte becomes a blood clot known as the?

A

Corpus hemogarricum

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11
Q

When do we consider day zero ?

A

When the female is in estrus o shows signs of standing heat

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12
Q

After becoming the ch, the oocyte becomes what?

A

The corpus luteum

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13
Q

What is the white body that the oocyte becomes after the cl called?

A

Corpus albicans

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14
Q

The CL stimulates What hormone in order to stop follicular growth?

A

Progesterone

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15
Q

What does an increase in estradiol or estrogen mean?

A

That the follicle is growing

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16
Q

The ovary is composed of what 4 things?

A

Tunica albuginea, cortex, medulla, follicles

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17
Q

What is the tunica albuginea?

A

The single layer of cuboidal cells that surrounds the ovary

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18
Q

The cortex is the outermost or innermost layer?

A

Outermost

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19
Q

The cortex houses the oocytes throughout what stages?

A

CL had CA

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20
Q

What is the innermost layer of the ovary?

A

Medulla

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21
Q

What does the medulla house?

A

Vasculature, nerves, lymphatics

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22
Q

Why is the mare different in ovarian structures?

A

Because the medulla and the cortex are reversed

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23
Q

Where does ovulation occur mare?

A

At the ovulation fossa

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24
Q

What are the 3 primary functions of the ovary?

A

Produce ova, estrogen and progesterone, oxytocin, relaxin, inhibin, and activin

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25
Follicles prior to puberty should be
Quiet
26
Some follicles grow in response to what hormone?
FSH
27
What is follicular growth called?
Folliculogenesis
28
What is an immature, surrounded by squamous cells follicle called?
Primordial
29
When an oocyte becomes surrounded cuboidal cells it's called?
Primary oocyte
30
What 2 things can happen to the primary oocyte?
They can go into a secondary follicle or degenerate
31
Is the secondary oocyte under hormonal control?
No
32
What structure appears in a secondary oocyte?
The zona pellucida
33
What is another term for the tertiary follicle?
Antral follicle, graafian
34
What follicle increases estradiol?
Antral
35
What is the antrum and in which follicle does it appear?
It's a fluid filled cavity that appears in the tertiary follicle
36
What are the 5 layers of the female repro tract from outermost to innermost?
Serosa, muscularis (circular-inner,longitudinal - outer), submucosa, mucosa, lumen
37
What does contractility contribute to the female repro tract?
Transportation of secretory products
38
This separates the rectum from the female repro tract? It's what allows for manual palpation in certain species
Rectogenital pouch
39
The peritoneum is the abdominal wall that one point fuses with a ligament that supports and suspends the tract in the body cavity. What is that ligament?
The broad ligament
40
The posterior vagina is made up of what type of cells?
Stratified squamous
41
What are the 4 parts of the oviduct?
Infundibulum, ampulla, Al junction, isthmus
42
The 3 structures of the uterus are...
Vagina, cervix, uterine horns
43
In ruminants, there are connection spots on the uterine horns. What are maternal part of them called?
Caruncles
44
If an ovary has a functioning, growing follicle present it will not have a functioning what present?
CL
45
What does the Zona pellucida have the allows sperm to bind to the ovary?
Glycoproteins
46
What can the zona pellucida prevent?
Polyspermy
47
The 3 layers of the preovulatory follicle are:
Theca externa, Theca interna, and Granulosa
48
What is p4?
Progesterone
49
How many follicles for potential embryos?
One
50
The oocyte is caught by?
The infundibulum.
51
Finger-like projections in the infundibulum that increase surface area and the chance of catching the oocyte are called?
Fimbriae
52
Ciliated columnar cells are found where?
In the ampulla
53
The 3rd reservoir for spermatozoa in the female is the?
Isthmus
54
The uterotubal junction connects what 2 things?
The isthmus and the uterus
55
In the cow, what happens to the UTJ when estradiol decreases?
It straightens
56
In the sow, the UTJ can prevent ?
Polyspermy.
57
Luteolysis kills the CL via what hormone?
Prostaglandin
58
What are the 4 types of uteruses?
Duplex, marsupial, bicornuate, simplex
59
The myometrium of the uterus is the? The endometrium?
Myometrium=muscularis Endometrium= mucosa, submucosa
60
An increase in estrogen levels mean the degree of the uterus?
Increases
61
The uterus becomes flaccid or quiet when?
P4 levels decrease
62
What is the endometrium composed of?
Mucosa /submucosa
63
The glands in the endometrium produce what macromolecules into the lumen?
Proteins
64
What is the maternal portion of the placenta in ruminants?
Caruncles
65
What is the fetal portion of the placenta in ruminants?
Cotyledon
66
What is the main fxn of the placenta?
Protection
67
In what species does ejaculation occur post-vaginally?
Sow
68
In the mare, what does the cervix do in response to estradiol?
Dilate
69
What is the copulatory organ that is poorly organized and it's the passive birth canal?
Vagina
70
The external genitalia of the female repro syst
Vulva
71
The area surrounding the anus and vulva
Perineum
72
What is the erectile tissue in females?
Clitoris

ANS 331 (12 decks)

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