Day 1 path Flashcards
(17 cards)
opsonin
an antibody or other substance that binds to foreign microorganisms or cells, making them more susceptible to phagocytosis
lysozyme enzyme attacks what protein and what bond? found where in human?
GLYCOSIDIC bond in the glycan portion of peptidoglycan found in bacterial cell walls
- found in saliva and tears
- glycosidic bond between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
- *acts as an opsonin to increase phago
peptidoglycan
has two parts 1) peptide and 2) glycan with bond that is attacked
what are protoplasts? what two things create these?
cells that have their cell walls and capsules removed by enzymatic (lysozyme) or antibiotic (penicillin) treatment
what does penicillin inhibit?
the terminal step in peptidoglycan synthesis
smooth ER vs rough ER
smooth= makes lipids
rough makes proteins that leave cell via golgi
what is the only cell wall component the lysozyme can attack?
peptidoglycan!
** glycosidic bond between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
3 none membranous cell structures?
1) ribosomes
2) cytoskeleton
3) nucleolus (essential role in formation of ribosomes)
catalase
what type of bacteria does this help?
an enzyme found in peroxisome (a family o fmicrobodies) that decompose hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in PLANTS
*aerobic bacteria which posses this catalase resist the effects of H2O2
microbody
lysosome
phagosome
phagolysosome
microbody- smaller, in plants/bacteria, deal with H2O2
lysosome= large vesicle of digestive proteins
phagosome= engulfed particle within the phagocyte that engulfed it
phagolysosome= is a phagosome PLUS lysosome, allows for digestion
superoxide dismutase does what?
catalyzes destruction of O2 free radicals
CD8 and CD4 T-cells are associated with what MHC class?
CD8= 1
CD4=2
MHC proteins purpose
1) allow T-cells to distinguish self from non-self
2) present internal and external antigens to T-cells
what lymphocyte has CD3 associated receptors but no IgG? what do they do?
T-cells! Have CD3-associated T-cell receptors which recognize Unique antigens ONLY in conjunction with MHC
what membrane bound organelle has catalase that breaks down hydrogen peroxide?
microbodies (similar to lysosomes but smaller and involve H2O2)
Two main families:
1) peroxisomes –have catalases
2) glyoxysomes
B and T cells are both derived from where? stain how?
bone marrow
both have basophilic nucelus
B and T cells mature where?
B-cell
- mature in bone marrow and migrate to lymphoid organs
- short life days to weeks
- differenciate into mature antibody-producing plasma cells
- antibody-mediated immunity
- 20-30% circulating lymphocytes
T-cells
- mature in thymus
- long life months to years
- cell mediated immunity
- type 4 hypersensitivity rxns (contact dermatitis)
- 70-80% circulating lymphocytes
