Dealing with Offending Behaviour: Custodial Sentencing Flashcards
What is deterrence?
Unpleasant prison experiences discourages offending, aims to send a message to society that crime is not tolerated
What is incapacitation?
Offenders are taken away from society for the safety of the public
What is retribution?
Society enact revenge, people want to make prisoners suffer
What is rehabilitation?
When leaving prison, offenders should be able to fully integrate as a functioning men ever of society
What are 3 psychological effects of custodial sentencing?
- Stress and depression
- Institutionalisation
- Prisonisation
What is stress and depression?
Suicide rates are considerably high in prison as is self half and self population. Stress in prison also increases chances of diagnosis of mental health issues post prison
What is institutionalisation?
Having adopted to the norms and routines of prison inmates may struggle to function in society
What is prisonisation?
Inmates are socialised into adopting an inmate code, behaviour which is adaptive inside prison may be encouraged and rewarded inside prison
What is deindividualisation?
Loss of identity
What is recidivism?
An alternative term for reoffending
What do the Ministry of Justice statistics show?
- 57% of UK offenders reoffend within a year of release
- 14 prisons in England and Wales show recidivism rates of over 70%
Why do Norwegian prisons have lower rates of recidivism?
They take a far greater focus on developing prisoners and rehabilitation in contrast to the UK model
What do some people believe?
A focus of rehabilitation over retribution is a soft approach and doesn’t send the right message to offenders, it’s not justice
What are 3 evaluation points?
