Debates

Question 1

Alpha bias

Answer 1

exaggerated difference between male and female

Question 2

Beta bias

Answer 2

minimises differences between male and female

Question 3

Androcentric

Answer 3

when normal behaviour is judged by male standard

Question 4

Ethnocentrism

Answer 4

judging others culture norms and values by your own

Question 5

Cultural relativism

Answer 5

norms and values can only be meaningful and understood within specific social and cultural contexts

Question 6

Free will

Answer 6

humans can make choices by themselves an aren’t determined by environment or biology

Question 7

Determinism

Answer 7

behaviour is controlled by internal/external forces not choice
A will cause B

Question 8

Biological determinism

Answer 8

belief that biology will influence behaviour

Question 9

Environmental determinism

Answer 9

belief that behaviour is caused by environment

Question 10

Psychic determinism

Answer 10

belief is caused by unconscious conflict (Freud)

Question 11

Hard determinism

Answer 11

free will is impossible ad all behaviour is caused by internal/external factors

Question 12

Soft determinism

Answer 12

everything has a caused but behaviour can be influenced by individual choice

Question 13

Strengths of determinism

Answer 13

scientific as establishes direct cause and effect

develop practical application

Question 14

Weaknesses of determinism

Answer 14

research doesn’t support- twin studies
too simplistic
don’t understand how people take control

Question 15

Nature

Answer 15

behaviour as a result of biology

Question 16

Nurture

Answer 16

behaviour as a result of environment

Question 17

Weaknesses of nature vs nurture

Answer 17

impossible to answer
both are linked
cant isolate one- concordance rates on twin studies

Question 18

Holism

Answer 18

when an approach looks at a picture as a whole

Qualitative

Question 19

Reductionism

Answer 19

psychological phenomenon can be reduced to simple parts
B is as a result of A
Quantitative

Question 20

Biological reductionism

Answer 20

All behaviour is biological

Question 21

Environmental reductionism

Answer 21

All behaviour is stimulus response, learnt through experience

Question 22

Strengths of holism

Answer 22

provides complete picture
accepts behaviour is complex
useful- behaviour influenced by many factors

Question 23

Weaknesses of holism

Answer 23

hard to investigate all aspects
not scientific
rejects importance of biology

Question 24

Strengths of reductionism

Answer 24

scientific
easier to explain
high predictive power

Question 25

weaknesses of reductionism

Answer 25

oversimplified doesn't provide context doesn't consider all influences

Question 26

Idiographic

Answer 26

focuses on the individual to study behaviour

Question 27

Nomothetic

Answer 27

establish general laws of behaviour that can be generalised to everyone

Question 28

Strength of idiographic

Answer 28

in depth | helps other approaches as can add to general laws

Question 29

weaknesses of idiographic

Answer 29

generalisation can't be made less scientific time consuming

Question 30

Strength of nomothetic

Answer 30

scientific establish patterns of behaviour standardised

Question 31

weaknesses of nomothetic

Answer 31

doesn't consider the effects on the individual | inappropriate to use one size fits all for some