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Deep wounds Flashcards

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1
Q

infection following crushing or impact

A

patient’s own organisms entered site or devitalized skin to make infection

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2
Q

what environment does penetrating injuries create

A

environment of nectrotic tissuie and hematomas

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3
Q

nectrotic tissuie and hematomas create an ideal condition for what bacteria

A

anaerobes

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4
Q

what bacteria are seen in post surgical wounds

A

staph aureus and enteric bacilli

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5
Q

what tissue do burns cause

A

non viable devasciularized tissues

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6
Q

what bacteria do non viable devascularized tissues from burns cause

A

pseudomonas aeruginaosa

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7
Q

what causes pus and what does it consist of

A

inflammation

consists of liquid with polymorphonulcear leukocytes and the debris of dead cells and tissue elements liquified by enzymes from leukocytes

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8
Q

what bacteria is seen in peritonsillar abscess

A

fusiforms, S.pyo, S. aureus, anaerobes and respiratory organisms

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9
Q

where are MIF wound cultures most from

A

collected close to the GI tract

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10
Q

when can we call MIF

A

2+ non pathogenic coliforms

OR

enterococci and one non pathogenic coliform

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11
Q

what organisms are seen in wounds

A

staph aureus
strep pyo
enterobacteriaceae
pseudo aerug
enterococc
anaerobes

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12
Q

what can staph aureus cause

A

infections, boils, impetigo, and TSS

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13
Q

what are the normal skin flora bacteria

A

staph epi
staph hominis
dips
propionbacterium
strep mitis
micrococcus

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14
Q

what can strep pyo cause

A

pharyngitis, TSS, scarlet fever

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15
Q

what are the tests for strep pyo

A

cat -
PYR +
latex A
CAMP -
Taxos A S

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16
Q

what are the tests for pseudo aerug

A

K/K
OF - oxidative +/-
met mount motil +
Oxidase +
nitrate +
TSB 42
UV light

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17
Q

what are the tests for enterococcus faecalis

A

cat +/-
PYR +
BEA +
NaCl +

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18
Q

testing for actinomyces

A

molar tooth/ wt colony appearance
catalase -
gpb pleio

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19
Q

testing for bacteroides fragilis

A

cat+
BBEA+
KVC resistant
gncb

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20
Q

testing of prevotella

A

black convex colonies
cat -
BBEA -
brick red fluorescence
gnb

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21
Q

testing of clostridium perfringens

A

gp boxcars
cat -
rCAMP +
lecithinase + lipase -

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22
Q

testing of clostridium sordellii

A

spores
cat-
rCAMP -
lecithinase + lipase-
gpb

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23
Q

testing of clostridium sporogenes

Study These Flashcards
A

spores
cat-
rCAMP -
lecithinase - lipase +
gpb

24
Q

testing of fusobacterium

Study These Flashcards
A

tapered
cat -
indole +
UV - chartreuse
gnb

25
testing or peptostreptococcus
cat- K -R V -S C- R SPS sensitive gpc
26
testing of cutibacterium
cat + K- S V -S C- R gpb pleo
27
testing of veilonella
cat - V nitrate -> nitrite gnc sheets
28
how is clostridium difficile detected
PCR for the toxic gene because the organism can be normal flora
29
what does C difficile cause
collitis
30
what are indications of anaerobic infections
smell mucosal surface GI nosicomial infecgtion / MRSA animal bites
31
which anaerobes are cat +
bacteroidies fragillis cutibacterium acnes
32
what is the only gnc anaerobe
veionella
33
how long of exposure of air to anaerobes can kill
10 mins of oxygen
34
In healthy tissues what reaction kills anaerobes
increased redox potential
35
what broths can be used to cultivate anaerobes
enricched thioglycollate and chopped meat
36
what is most anaerobic media suplemented with
yeast extract vit K hemin
37
what do all anaerobic chambers contain
catalyst desiccant 5-10% hydrogen gas 5-10% CO2 90-% nitrogen indicator
38
what chemical indicators are used for anaerobes
methylene blue and resazurin pink becomes colourlesss
39
what strict and fastidoeus biological indicators can be used for anaerobes
clostridium haemolyticum clostridium novyii fucsobacterium nucleatum porphyromonas sp
40
what aerotolerant anaerobes is there
clostridum perfringens
41
how long are anaerobic plates incubated for
2-3 days without opening
42
when are anaerobes most sensitive during growth
in their log phase
43
what can be used to help gram staining
95% ethanol for decol dilute carbol fuchsin instead of safrinin
44
what bacteria with this issue: gpb pleo
underdecol bacteroides
45
what bacteria with this issue: gnb ch
over decol lacto
46
what bacteria with this issue: gnc long ch
overdecol peptostrep
47
what bacteria with this issue: gnb dip-like
overdecol non spore forming gpb
48
what bacteria with this issue: gnb with spres
overdevol clostridum
49
how does GLC work with anaerobes
grown in phytone-yeast extract-glucose broth and anaerobes turn glucose into pyruvate. Acids produced are ID'd by elution and chromatography
50
what acids are made for GLC of anaerobes
short chain volitile fatty acids using acid ether (acetic, propionic, isobutyric, formic) nonvolatile acids using chloroform (pyruvic, lactic, fumaric, succininc, benzoic)
51
difference of lecithinase and lipase on plate
lecithinase - opactity in medium that surround and extends from colonies lipase - precipiate shiny on top of colony but not extending
52
what chemical is spot indol using
paradimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
53
are anaerobes spot indole pos T/F
T - weak reaction
54
how does reverse CAMP work and what bacteria is pos
**group B strep down center of anaerobic BAP perfringens is the only positive rCAMP
55
What is the nagler inhinition test
inhibits lecithinase growth to prove that perfringens present
56
what is the nitrate reduction test
add reagent A+B turns red = pos (nitrATES -> nitRITES) if neg add zinc red w zinc = neg (no nitrites) white w zinc = pos (reduced further)

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