definitions

Question 1

define lattice

Answer 1

millions of atoms in a regular structure
regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions.

Question 2

define an Atom

Answer 2

The smallest particle that cannot be further broken down.

Question 3

define a compound

Answer 3

2 or more diff. types of atoms chemically bonded together

Question 4

define a molecule

Answer 4

particles made of 2 or more atoms covalently bonded together (can be same or diff. type of atoms)

Question 5

define an element

Answer 5

same type of atoms

Question 6

define an ion

Answer 6

a charged particle

Question 7

define aqueous

Answer 7

dissolved in solution

Question 8

define molten

Answer 8

melted

Question 9

(off topic) define Resolution

Answer 9

the smallest reading on a piece of equipment.
eg, stop watch counts 2.05s,, the resolution (smallest reading is 0.05)

Question 10

define volatile

Answer 10

turns to a gas easily (low boiling point)

Question 11

define diffusion

Answer 11

moment of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration as a result of their random motions

Question 12

define pressure

Answer 12

force acting perpendicular to a surface per unit area

Question 13

define net force

Answer 13

define net force

Question 14

define a mixture

Answer 14

2 or more elements / compounds mixed together that can be separated by physical means

Question 15

Define an isotope

Answer 15

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

Question 16

define an ionic bond

Answer 16

transfer of electrons between positive metal ions and negative non metal ions

Question 17

define metallic bond

Answer 17

positive metal ions in a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons

Question 18

define malleable

Answer 18

can be bent or hammered into shape

Question 19

define ductile

Answer 19

can be drawn into wires

Question 20

define a covalent bond

Answer 20

shared pair of electrons between non metals

Question 21

define molecular formula

Answer 21

number of each type of atoms present (chemical formula)

Question 22

define empirical formula

Answer 22

simplest whole number ratio of atoms present

Question 23

define relative atomic mass

Answer 23

the average mass of isotopes of an element compared to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 24

define atomic mass

Answer 24

proton + neutron

Question 25

define atomic number

Answer 25

proton

Question 26

define relative molecular mass

Answer 26

sum of relative atomic masses in molecular formula

Question 27

name for group 1

Answer 27

alkaline metals

Question 27

define relative formula mass

Answer 27

sum of relative atomic mass in empirical formula

Question 28

name for group 2

Answer 28

alkaline earth metals

Question 29

name for group 7

Answer 29

halogens

Question 30

name for group 0

Answer 30

noble gases

Question 31

define precipitate

Answer 31

solid product

Question 32

define exothermic reaction

Answer 32

a reaction that releases energy

Question 33

define endothermic reaction

Answer 33

a reaction that absorbs energy

Question 34

define physical change

Answer 34

involves a change in substance's form

Question 35

define pure

Answer 35

a substance that contains a single element or compound, not mixed with any other substances

Question 36

define chemical change

Answer 36

involves making a new substance and change in energy

Question 37

define impure

Answer 37

a substance that contains more than 1 element or compound, mixed with other substances

Question 38

define solvent

Answer 38

substance that dissolves a solute

Question 38

define solute

Answer 38

a substance that is dissolves in a solvent

Question 39

define mixture

Answer 39

contains 2 or more substances not chemically combined

Question 39

define solution

Answer 39

mixture that is made up of 1 or more substances

Question 40

define solubility

Answer 40

how easily a substance dissolves

Question 41

define saturated solution

Answer 41

solution containing maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in a solvent at a given temp. (no more solute can dissolve in it)

Question 42

define residue

Answer 42

a substance that remains after distillation, evaporation or filtration

Question 43

define crystallisation

Answer 43

when a liquids that contains soluble solute is evaporated to leave the soluble solute behind

Question 44

define filtrate

Answer 44

solution at pass through a filter paper

Question 45

define evaporation

Answer 45

turning the liquid into gas to be lost from the substance using heat

Question 46

define immiscible and miscible

Answer 46

-immiscible- liquids that don't mix -miscible- liquids that mix

Question 47

define filtration

Answer 47

passing solution over a filter paper and collecting the filtrate

Question 48

define chromatography

Answer 48

method of separating mixtures of soluble substances

Question 49

define stationary phase

Answer 49

the paper in paper chromatography

Question 50

define a chromatogram

Answer 50

result of separating the components of a mixture by chromatography

Question 51

define the mobile phase

Answer 51

solvent in paper chromatography

Question 52

define Rf value

Answer 52

retention factor

Question 53

define baseline

Answer 53

line that is drawn in an insoluble substance and where the inks are placed

Question 54

define solvent front

Answer 54

-furthest point the solvent travels -for calculating Rf value

Question 55

define successful collision

Answer 55

-collisions with enough energy to react

Question 56

define anomaly

Answer 56

result that doesn't fit the pattern

Question 57

define limiting reactant

Answer 57

reactant that is used up first in a reaction

Question 58

define activation energy

Answer 58

The minimum energy colliding particles require to react

Question 59

define catalyst

Answer 59

-substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction but is unchanged at the end of the reaction

Question 60

define exothermic reaction

Answer 60

-reaction that transfers heat energy to surrounding so temp. goes up

Question 61

define endothermic reaction

Answer 61

-reaction that absorbs heat energy from the surrounding so temp. goes down

Question 62

define Enthalpy change

Answer 62

-The difference between the energy required to break bonds and the energy released to make bonds

Question 63

define delocalised

Answer 63

free to move

Question 64

define alloy

Answer 64

A mixture of a metal with another substance

Question 65

define brass

Answer 65

An alloy of copper and zin

Question 66

define steel

Answer 66

alloy that contains iron and other substances

Question 67

define ore

Answer 67

A rock that contains a high enough percentage of metal for economic extraction

Question 68

define galvanizing

Answer 68

coating iron/ steel in a layer of zinc

Question 69

define hematite

Answer 69

-ore containing iron oxide -Fe2O3

Question 70

define bauxite

Answer 70

-ore containing aluminum oxide -Al2O3