Definitions

Question 0

DALY

Answer 0

Disability adjusted life year

Question 1

Burden of disease

Answer 1

A measure of impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.

Question 2

Disability adjusted life year ( DALY )

Answer 2

A measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of heathy life lost due to pre mature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.

Question 3

Chronic condition

Answer 3

Any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than 6 month). It usually can’t be cured and therefore requires ongoing treatment and management . Examples include arthritis and asthma.

Question 4

Communicable

Answer 4

Can be passed on from the environment to the individual.This can be from one person to another, from insects or from the physical environment.

Question 5

Developed country

Answer 5

A country that has advanced adequately with regards to economy, technology and health status.

Question 6

Dynamic

Answer 6

Continually changing

Question 7

HALE

Answer 7

Health adjusted life expectancy

Question 8

Health adjusted life expectancy ( HALE )

Answer 8

A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality.

Question 9

Mortality

Answer 9

Deaths in the population

Question 10

Health indicators

Answer 10

Standard statistic that are used to measure and compare health status.

Question 11

Health status

Answer 11

‘An individual’s or a population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.’

Question 12

Life expectancy

Answer 12

‘An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.’

Question 13

Hospital separation

Answer 13

Episodes of hospital care that start with admission and end at transfer, discharge or death.

Question 14

Incidence

Answer 14

(When referring to morbidity ) the number or rate of new cases of a disease during specified period of time ( usually a 12 month period).

Question 15

Morbidity

Answer 15

‘Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.’ (AIHW, 2008)

Question 16

Infirmity

Answer 16

State of being weak, lacking in strength ( especially from old age ).

Question 17

Ischaemic heart disease

Answer 17

A disease characterised by a blockage of blood vessels ( and therefore blood and oxygen) to the heart, also known as coronary heart disease.

Question 18

Mortality rate

Answer 18

( sometimes referred to as ‘death rate’) the measure of the proportion of a population who die in a one-year period (usually per 100000)

Question 19

Prevalence

Answer 19

‘The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.’ ( AIHW, 2008)

Question 20

Trend

Answer 20

A general change or movement in a particular direction. For example, trends indicate a significant increase in obesity rates over the past 20 years.

Question 21

Under-5 mortality rate ( U5MR )

Answer 21

‘The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births.’ ( WHO, 2008)

Question 22

YLD

Answer 22

Years lost due to disability

Question 23

Years lost to disability (YLD)

Answer 23

A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability.

Question 24

YLL

Answer 24

Years of life lost

Question 25

Years of life lost (YLL)

Answer 25

A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.

Question 26

Health

Answer 26

Is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Question 27

U5MR

Answer 27

Under-five mortality rate

Question 28

Physical heath

Answer 28

The efficient functioning of the body and it's systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

Question 29

Social heath

Answer 29

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both and independent and cooperative way.

Question 30

Mental heath

Answer 30

State of well being in which the individual realises his or here own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.

Question 31

Optimal heath

Answer 31

Refers to the best level of health an individual can realistically attain. Everyone is born with different genetics and in different environments. As a result of these and other factors, every person's level of optimal health is different.

Question 32

Physical Health examples:

Answer 32

Ideal body weight Freedom from illness, disease and injury Well functioning body, systems and organs Strong immune system Appropriate levels of fitness Ability to complete physical task adequately Adequate energy levels

Question 33

Social health examples:

Answer 33

Supportive network of friends Supportive and well functioning family Productive relationships with other people

Question 34

Mental health examples:

Answer 34

Low levels of stress and anxiety Positive thought patterns ( being optimistic ) High levels of confidence Positive self esteem ( how a person feels about themselves )