DEHYDRATION

Question 1

removal of intracellular and extracellular water from tissues

Answer 1

dehydration

Question 2

amount of dehydrating agent

Answer 2

at least 10x that of the tissue

Question 3

commonly used dehydrating agents

Answer 3

• alcohol
• acetone
• dioxane
• cellosolve
• triethyl phosphate
• tetrahydrofuran (THF)

Question 4

recommended for routine tissue dehydration

Answer 4

ethyl alcohol (ethanol)

Question 5

best dehydrating agent

Answer 5

ethyl alcohol (Ethanol)

Question 6

fast-acting, mixes with water and many inorganic solvents, penetrates tissues easily, not poisonous and expensive

Answer 6

ethyl alcohol

Question 7

primarily used for blood and tissue films; toxic when ingested

Answer 7

methanol

Question 8

utilized in plant animal microtechnique; slow acting but there is less shrinkage

Answer 8

butanol

Question 9

univeral solvent. dehydrates and clears

Answer 9

tertiary butanol (82%)

Question 10

dissolves paraffin

Answer 10

pentanol

Question 11

excellent substitute for ethanol

Answer 11

isopropanol

Question 12

best clearing agent for microwave technique

Answer 12

isopropanol

Question 13

insures complete dehydration

Answer 13

anhydrous copper sulfate

Question 14

indicates presence of water

Answer 14

blue

Question 15

clear, colorless liquid, highly miscible but flammable

Answer 15

acetone

Question 16

cheap, rapid acting

Answer 16

acetone

Question 17

not recommended; lumiliit and rumurupok tissue

Answer 17

acetone

Question 18

for most urgent biopsies (1/2 to 2 hrs) but can cause considerable amount of shrinkage

Answer 18

acetone

Question 19

aka diethylene dioxide

Answer 19

dioxane

Question 20

serves as both a dehydrating and clearing agent

Answer 20

dioxane

Question 21

produces less tissue shrinkage; pero pangit tissue ribbon

Answer 21

dioxane

Question 22

disadvantages of dioxane

Answer 22

• expensive
• tissues tend to ribbon poorly
• highly toxic

Question 23

uses pure dioxane and paraffin

Answer 23

graupner’s

Question 24

tissue is wrapped in gauze and suspended in a bottle containing dioxane and anhydrous calcium oxide/quicklime

Answer 24

Weiseberger’s

Question 25

clearing agent na amoy rotten egg

Answer 25

carbon disulfide

Question 26

aka Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether

Answer 26

cellosolve

Question 27

rapid dehydrating agent

Answer 27

cellosolve

Question 28

combustible at 110 - 120F and toxic

Answer 28

cellosolve

Question 29

removes water very readily and produces very little distortion and hardening; hydrate sections and smears following certain stains

Answer 29

Tri-Ethyl Phosphate

Question 30

dehydrating and clearing agent

Answer 30

tetrahydrofuran

Question 31

toxic if ingested or inhaled; has an offensive odor

Answer 31

tetrahydrofuran

Question 32

can cause conjunctival irritation that may lead to blindness

Answer 32

tetrahydrofuran

Question 33

universal solvents: dehydrate and clear at the same time

Answer 33

tertiary butanol. tetrahydrofuran, dioxane

Question 34

dehydrating agents for EM

Answer 34

ethanol, propylene oxide, acetonitirile