WAX IMPREGNATION AND EMBEDDING

Question 1

replacing the clearing agent with the infiltrating medium to fill all tissue cavities

Answer 1

impregnation

Question 2

impregnation aka

Answer 2

inlfiltration

Question 3

embedding aka

Answer 3

casting

Question 4

impregnated tissue is placed into a precisely arrange position in a mold containing an embedding medium and allowed to solidify

Answer 4

embedding

Question 5

types of impregnating and embedding media

Answer 5

• paraffin
• celloidin
• gelatin
• plastic

Question 6

simplest, most common, best embedding medium

Answer 6

paraffin

Question 7

paraffin melting point for routine work

Answer 7

56C

Question 8

overheated paraffin temp

Answer 8

> 60C

Question 9

four changes of paraffin wax at 15 minute intervals

Answer 9

manual processing of paraffin wax impregnation

Question 10

use of automatic tissue processor

Answer 10

automatic manual processing of paraffin wax impregnation

Question 11

specimens are transferred from container to container to be processed

Answer 11

tissue-transfer (dip and dunk)

Question 12

specimens are held in a in a single process chamber or retort; fluids are pumped in and out

Answer 12

fluid transfer

Question 13

number of stations

Answer 13

12 station (10 1 liter containers) and 2 wax baths

Question 14

wax bath thermostat

Answer 14

30C higher that melting point of wax

Question 15

steps in autotechnicon

Answer 15

• stations 1 and 2: 10% formalin
• stations 3-6: increasing grades of 70-95% ethanol
• stations 7-8: acetone
• stations 9-10: chloroform or xylene
• stations 11-12: liquid paraffin

Question 16

wax impregnation under negative atmospheric pressure inside an embedding oven

Answer 16

vacuum embedding

Question 17

fastest method; for urgent biopsies , delicate tissues, CNS tissues

Answer 17

vacuum embedding

Question 18

ano gagawin sa autotechnicon pag brown out?

Answer 18

do nothing; it has its spare/back up battery

Question 19

reusing of paraffin wax can only done ______

Answer 19

twice

Question 20

water in the wax must be removed by

Answer 20

heating the wax at 100-105C

Question 21

mixture of paraffin and synthetic plastic polymer

Answer 21

paraplast (parang pellets)

Question 22

semisynthetic; used for embedding of eyes

Answer 22

bioloid (dalawang O parang dalawang eyes)

Question 23

wax that contains rubber

Answer 23

tissue mat

Question 24

water insoluble but soluble in 95% ethanol

Answer 24

ester wax

Question 25

most common polyethylene glycols

Answer 25

carbowax

Question 26

purified from of nitrocellulose

Answer 26

celloidin

Question 27

for specimens with large hollow cavities which tend to collapse, hard, and dense tissues

Answer 27

celloidin

Question 28

makes the tissue blocks rubbery

Answer 28

celloidin

Question 29

celloidin for bone, brain section, teeth

Answer 29

wet celloidin

Question 30

celloidin for processing for whole eye section

Answer 30

dry celloidin

Question 31

preferred celloidin since it produces a harder tissue block and thinner sections are possible

Answer 31

nitrocellulose Method

Question 32

not a wax; rarely used; for histochemical and enzyme studies and frozen sections

Answer 32

gelatin

Question 33

done after wax impregnation

Answer 33

embedding

Question 34

orientation for embedding

Answer 34

surface of the section to be cut should be parallel to the bottom of the mold

Question 35

tubular structures (arteries, fallopian tubes)

Answer 35

cut in X section of the lumen

Question 36

skin, intestine, gall bladder and other epithelial biopsies

Answer 36

cut in a plane at right angles to the surface

Question 37

muscle biopsies

Answer 37

transverse and longitudinal planes

Question 38

2 L shaped strips of heavy brass or metal; size is adjustable

Answer 38

Leuckhart's embedding mold

Question 39

made of grids or compartment; multiple embedding

Answer 39

compound embedding unit

Question 40

special stainless steel base mold fitted with a plastic embedding ring

Answer 40

plastic embedding rings and base molds

Question 41

peel away

Answer 41

disposable molds (e.g. ice tray, paper boat

Question 42

for hard tissues and large sections of whole organs

Answer 42

celloidin and nitrocellulose method

Question 43

1st infiltration with celloidin and subsequently embedded with paraffin

Answer 43

double embedding method

Question 44

for extremely hard tissues

Answer 44

plastic (resin) embedding

Question 45

not recommended for immunohistochem since it reduces the antigenicity of the sample

Answer 45

epoxy

Question 46

most stable embedding choice for TEM

Answer 46

bisphenol A