Dental instruments Flashcards
(90 cards)
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Instruments used for picking up sterile instruments
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-Cheatles forceps
7
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Instrument used for preparing surgical field
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- *-Swab holder**
- Holds swabs and cleans operating area
- Arrest haemorrhage
- Hold/stabilise tongue
8
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Instrument used for holding drapes
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- *-Towel clips**
- Hold corners of draping sheeting during operation
- Hold tongue
9
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Instruments used for incising tissues
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-Scalpel- Blades: 10(skin incision), 11 (stab incision), 12 (mucogingival procedures), 15 (intraoral surgery)
-Dissecting scissors(soft tissue destruction in deeper layers)
10
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Instruments used for retracting the tissues
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- Langenbeck’s retractor
- Farabeuf retractor
- Minnesota retractor
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Instruments used for reflecting the mucoperiosteal flap
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- Periosteal elevators
- Pointed end(release interdental papillae)
- Broad end(elevating mucoperiosteal flap from bone and soft tissue retraction)
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Haemostatic forceps
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- Hold blood vessels
- Hold ends of ligatures
- Pick up necrotic tissue
- Pick up fragments
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Types of haemostatic forceps
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-Large, straight, medium, curved, small
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Instruments used for holding soft tissues
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Allis tissue holding forceps
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Instruments used to remove pathologic tissue
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- Currete (Lucas)
- Remove particles or debris from bony tissue or soft tissue tract
16
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Instruments used to cut or remove bone
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- Roungeurs Forceps(work on bony margins)
- Bone files(smoothen sharp bony margins)
- Osteotome(splits rather than cuts bone)
- Chisel(cuts bone
- Mallet
17
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Instruments used to suture the tissue
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- Needle holder
- Suture cutting scissors
- Tissue holding forceps(hold tissues during process of dissection or suturing)
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Instruments used for extraction of teeth and root remnants
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- Elevator(Straight, triangular, pick types)
- Handle
- Shank
- Blade
19
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Indications for elevator use
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- Luxate
- Multi-rooted teeth
- Teeth that cant be engaged by forceps
- Fractured debris
20
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Rules when using elevator
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- Adjacent teeth not used as fulcrum unless its to be extracted
- Protect soft tissues with finger guards
- Elevator supported with index finger
- Work on medial side
- Concave/flat surface of elevator faces tooth
21
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Extraction forceps
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- Remove teeth from sockets
- Maxillary
- Mandibular
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Maxillary extraction forceps
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- Handles and beaks straight
- Anterior forceps and molar forceps
23
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Mandibular extraction forceps
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-Handles and beaks at right angle(easy access to mandibular teeth)
24
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Instruments used for removal of bone
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- Bone burs
- Round and fissure
25
Most commonly used hand in oral surgery
Bard-Parker no 3
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Most commonly used Scalpel blade
- No. 15
- Used for flaps and incisions on edentulous alveolar ridges
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Use of Scalpel blade 12
-Incisions in gingival sulcus and incisions posterior to the teeth→Maxillary tuberosity area
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Use of Scalpel blade 11
-Small incisions→ incising abscesses
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Scalpel is blade is placed on the handle with the help of
- A needle holder
- Haemostat
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Scalpel is held in a
Pen grasp
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Types of Periosteal Elevators
- Seldin
- Freer
- No. 9 Molt
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Most commonly used Periosteal elevator
No. 9 Molt
- Pointed end→ Elevates interdental papilla
- Broad end→ Elevates mucoperiosteum from bone
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Use of Freer elevator
Reflecting gingiva surrounding tooth before extraction
-Easy to use w/ thin anatomical ends
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Elevator most suitable for holding flaps after reflecting during surgical procedure
Seldin Elevator
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Most commonly used Haemostat
-Curved mosquito type or micro-Halsted Haemostat(small and narrow beak)
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Use of surgical forceps
-Firmly grasping tissues while needle passed during suturing
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Two types of Forceps
- Long standard surgical forceps→Posterior areas
- Small narrow Adson forceps→ Anterior areas
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Difference between surgical and anatomical forceps
Anatomical don't have wedge shaped projection but parallel grooves
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Use of Anatomical forceps
-Aid in suturing of wound and grasping small instruments
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Instrument used to remove bone and sharp bone spicules
Rongeurs Forceps
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Most used Ronguer Forceps
Friedmann→ Blades are end and side cutting
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Instrument used to smooth bone
Bone file
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use of chisels(Bibeveled)
Sectioning roots of multirooted teeth
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Uses of Goldman-fox, Lagrange and Metzenbaum scissors
Soft tissue
45
Needle holders use
Suturing wound-intraoral placement
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Differences between Needle holder and Haemostat
- Long beaks of Haemostat thinner and longer
- Internal surface of needle holder beaks grooved and crosshatched(Allows firm grip)
- Needle holder can release needle with simple pressure→ gap in locking mechanism
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Types of Scissors in Oral Surgery
Suture and soft tissue
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Use of Lagrange scissors with sharp blades
Removing excess gingival tissue
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Use of Metzenbaum scissors
- Blunt nosed
- Dissecting and undermining mucosa from underlying soft tissues
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Instruments used for fastening towels and drapes and securing surgical suction tubes
Towel clamps
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Use of retractors
-Retract cheeks and mucoperiosteal flap
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Use of tongue retractors
Retract tongue medially away from surgical field
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Use of Bite blocks and mouth props
-Facilitate opening of mouth for prolonged periods
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