DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the WHO definition for health inequalities?
difference in health status or the distribution of health determinants between different population groups
what is the WHO definition for health inequity?
presence of avoidable, unfair or remediable differences among groups of people
when was the WHO global health status report updated?
2022
what factors does the WHO global status report on oral health assess?
structural determinants: socioeconomic, political and environmental
intermediate determinants: social position and circumstances
proximal determinants: behaviours and biological factors
outcomes: oral disease and NCD burden
what is social exclusion?
looks at all aspects of poverty, including social, economic, cultural and political factors that operate at macro and microlevels to make exclude people from interacting in society
how does social exclusion affect oral health inequalities?
‘extreme oral health’
what is ‘extreme oral health’?
increased risk of:
- oral cancer
- dental caries
- dental pain
- missing teeth
- reduced access to mainstream dental services
list the types of people who may experience exclusion?
- older age
- learning disabilities
- homeless
- in custody/ have convictions
- migrant workers
- asylum seekers/ refugees
- sex workers
- slavery victims
- substance use disorders
- mental health conditions
what is intersectionality?
social identities work on multiple levels, resulting in unique experiences, opportunities, and barriers for each person
list the types of discrimination?
- ageism
- ableism
- sexism
- racism
- prejudice
- gender
- race
- ethnicity
- sexuality
what is proportionate universalism?
resourcing and delivering universal services at a scale and intensity proportionate to the degree of need
what are the 3 broad categories of approaches to addressing health inequalities?
- a focus on improving the health of the most disadvantaged groups
- a focus on reducing the gap between the best and the worst off
- a focus on reducing the entire social gradient
give an example of proportionate universalism?
smoking cessation programs - they provide universal access but with more intensive support for populations with higher smoking rates (more deprived communities)
what are the Marmot principles?
- giving every child the best start to life
- enabling all children, young people and adults to maximise their capabilities and have control of their lives
- creating fair employment and good work for all
- ensuring a healthy standard of living for all
- creating and developing sustainable places and communities
- strengthening the role and impact of ill-health prevention
what is inclusion oral health?
a theoretically engaged understanding of how social exclusion is produced and experienced, and how forms of exclusion and discrimination intersect to compound oral health outcomes
what areas does the scottish index of multiple deprivation look at?
income
employment
education
health
access to services
crime
housing
what is DMFT?
decayed, missing and filled teeth
what is the mean DMFT?
the average DMFT for a population or sample
define a registered patient?
patient registered with an NHS dentist - excludes private
define participation?
any registered pt who has contact with a dentist for examination or treatment in the past 2 years
what is Bradshaw’s Taxonomy (1972)?
defines types of need:
normative need - defined by professionals/ experts (based on the judgement of the professional or a desired standard)
felt need - defined by lay people
expressed need - felt needs turned into action - expressed as request for help or use of a service
what is SMART for aims and objectives?
specific
measurable
achievable
realistic
time-bound
