HEALTH AND SAFETY - SICPS

Question 1

what are some organisms of dental relevance?

Answer 1

legionella
HIV
HBV
HHV-6
HCV
cCJD
COVID

Question 2

what is the agent in the chain of infection?

Answer 2

germs:
- bacteria
- viruses
- parasites

Question 3

what is the reservoir in the chain of infection?

Answer 3

where germs live:
- people
- food
- soil
- water
- animals

Question 4

what is the portal of exit in the chain of infection?

Answer 4

how germs get out:
- mouth (saliva, vomit)
- cuts in the skin (blood)
- during diapering and toileting (stool)

Question 5

what is the mode of transmission in the chain of infection?

Answer 5

how germs get around:
- contact (hands, toys, sand)
- droplets (when you speak, sneeze or cough)

Question 6

what is the portal of entry in the chain of infection?

Answer 6

how germs get in:
- mouth
- cuts in the skin
- eyes

Question 7

who is the susceptible host in the chain of infection?

Answer 7

next sick person:
- babies
- elderly
- people with a weakened immune system
- unimmunised people
- anyone

Question 8

what are SICPs?

Answer 8

the basic infection prevention and control measures to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents from both recognised and unrecognised sources of infection

Question 9

what are the 10 elements of SICPs?

Answer 9

• assess patients for infection risk and ensure they are cared for in a safe place
• hand hygiene
• cover nose/mouth when coughing and sneezing
• PPE
• keep reusable equipment clean
• keep the care environment clean
• safely handle used linen
• safely clean all blood and body fluid spillages
• safely dispose of all household and care activity waste (sharps)
• take corrective action if injured or exposed to blood and body fluids

Question 10

what is the single most important practice in reducing transmission of infectious agents?

Answer 10

hand hygiene

Question 11

how often do we get skin checks?

Answer 11

yearly

Question 12

what are the WHO 5 moments for hand hygiene?

Answer 12

1. before touching pt
2. before clean/ aseptic procedure (task)
3. after body fluid exposure risk
4. after touching pt
5. after touching pt surroundings

Question 13

what does the patient zone include?

Answer 13

• dental chair
• immediate surrounding area

Question 14

what surfaces can be touched with gloved hands?

Answer 14

clinical contact surfaces

Question 15

in what order do you don PPE?

Answer 15

apron
mask
eye protection
gloves

Question 16

what products are available for environmental cleaning?

Answer 16

detergent wipes
actichlor tablets (disinfection)
titan chlor plus (blood contamination)

Question 17

what are detergent wipes used for?

Answer 17

cleaning hard surfaces before and after clean/ aseptic procedures

general cleaning if hot water and general purpose detergent not available

Question 18

what is actichlor? and how is it made up for cleaning?

Answer 18

chlorine releasing agent for disinfecting

1 tablet/ 1 litre water (0.1% or 1000ppm)

*contact time 5 mins

Question 19

what is titan chlor plus? and how is it made up for cleaning?

Answer 19

cleans and disinfects as it contains a detergent

1 tablet/ 100mls water (1% or 1:10000ppm)

*contact time 2 mins

Question 20

how is care equipment classified?

Answer 20

single use
reusable invasive equipment
reusable non invasive equipment

Question 21

what do you not clean with actichlor and why?

Answer 21

urine - it release chlorine gases

Question 22

what are the categories of transmission based precautions (TBP)?

Answer 22

contact precautions : diseases spread by direct/ indirect contact

droplet precautions : diseases spread by large particles in the air

airborne precautions : diseases spread by small particles in the air

Question 23

give an example of a contact spread disease?

Answer 23

norovirus
MRSA
C-dif

Question 24

give an example of a droplet spread disease?

Answer 24

influenza
pneumonia

Question 25

give an example of an airborne spread disease?

Answer 25

measles tuberculosis